Defect structures and structural relationships of the Z and T phases in an AlLiCuMg alloy

Zhang, L.C.; He, A.Q.; Ye, H.Q.

doi:10.1016/0956-716x(94)90359-x

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…AmongOf the DEGs (EGR1 and, LOC106990881), especiallyparticularly noteworthy was the EGR1 gene, which was enriched by three GO termsitems related to muscles and muscle fibers, indicating that this gene plays a vital role in muscle growth and development. Previous studies have shown that the transcription level of the Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) gene increases during the differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle cells [35,36], which also supports the findingsaccuracy of this study. The 60S ribosomal protein L17 (LOC106990881) gene was first discovered in sheep in the year 2020, andbut its function has not been annotated or studied.…”

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confidence: 92%

Exploring effects of different male parent crossings on sheep muscles and related regulatory genes using mRNA-Seq

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Exploring effects of different male parent crossings on sheep muscles and related regulatory genes using mRNA-Seq

et al. 2022

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“…Removal rates of phosphate (0.033 g m −2 d −1 ), nitrate (0.19 g m −2 d −1 ), and ammonia (0.14 g m −2 d −1 ) were low given the relatively low initial concentrations of the floways. These nutrient removal rates were comparable to the values reported for algal turf scrubber R systems (Bohutskyi et al, 2016a), but lower than the values observed in high rate algal ponds (Park and Craggs, 2010;Gutiérrez et al, 2016) and verticalalgal-biofilm enhanced raceway ponds (Zhang et al, 2018c). In the initial portion of the experiment, nitrate concentrations increased while ammonia concentrations declined.…”

Section: Cultivation and Composition Of Filamentous Algal Biomasssupporting

confidence: 79%

Co-digestion of Wastewater-Grown Filamentous Algae With Sewage Sludge Improves Biomethane Production and Energy Balance Compared to Thermal, Chemical, or Thermochemical Pretreatments

et al. 2019

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“…[126][127][128][129][130][131][132] For instance, T2 may transform to R phase via O phase 121 or C phase 131 during heat treatment. These intermetallic phases are generally thought to be detrimental to the properties of Li containing alloys (e.g.…”

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Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al–Cu–Mg–(Li) based alloys

Wang¹,

Starink²

2005

International Materials Reviews

790

276

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. Although many suggestions for the existence of pre-precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg alloys with a Cu/Mg atomic ratio close to 1 have been made, a critical review reveals that evidence exists for only two truly distinct ones. The precipitation sequence is best represented as: supersaturated solid solutionRco-clustersRGPB2/S"RS where clusters are predominantly Cu-Mg co-clusters (also termed GPB or GPB I zones), GPB2/S" is an orthorhombic phase that is coherent with the matrix (probable composition Al 10 Cu 3 Mg 3 ) for which both the term GPB2 and S" have been used, and S phase is the equilibrium Al 2 CuMg phase. GPB2/S" can co-exist with S phase before the completion of the formation of S phase. It is further mostly accepted that the crystal structure of S' (Al 2 CuMg) is identical to the equilibrium S phase (Al 2 CuMg). The Perlitz and Westgren model for S phase is viewed to be the most accepted structure. 3DAP analysis showed that Cu-Mg clusters form within a short time of natural and artificial aging. Cu-Mg clusters and S phase contribute to the first and second stage hardening during aging. In Al-Cu alloys, the h phase (Al 2 Cu) has I4/ mcm structure with a50 . 607 nm and c50 . 487 nm, and h' phase with tetragonal structure and a50 . 404 nm, c50 . 58 nm, the space group is I4 m2. Gerold's model for h" (or GPII) appears to be favourable in terms of free energy, and is consistent with most experimental data. The transformation from GPI to GPII (or h") seems continuous, and as Cu atoms will not tend to cluster together or cluster with vacancies, the precipitation sequence can thus be captured as: supersaturated solid solutionRh" (Al 3 Cu)Rh' (Al 2 Cu)Rh (Al 2 Cu). The V phase (Al 2 Cu) has been variously proposed as monoclinic, orthorhombic, hexagonal and tetragonal distorted h phase structures. It has been shown that V phase forms initially on {111} Al with c50 . 935 nm and on further aging, the c lattice parameter changes continuously to 0 . 848 nm, to become identical to the orthorhombic structure proposed by Knowles and Stobbs (a50 . 496 nm, b50 . 858 nm and c50 . 848 nm). Other models are either wrong (for example, monoclinic and hexagonal) or refer to a transition phase (for example, the Garg and Howe model with c50 . 858 in a converted orthorhombic structure). For Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloys, the L1 2 ordered metastable d' (Al 3 Li) phase has been observed by many researchers. The Huang and Ardell model for T 1 phase (space group P6/ mmm, a50 . 496 nm and c50 . 935 nm), appears more likely than other proposed structures. Other proposed structures are perhaps due to the T 1 phase forming by the dissociation of Kn110m dislocations into 1/6n211m Shockley partials bounding a region of intrinsic stacking fault, in which copper and lithium enrichment of the fault produces a thin layer of the T 1 phase.

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Defect structures and structural relationships of the Z and T phases in an AlLiCuMg alloy

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Exploring effects of different male parent crossings on sheep muscles and related regulatory genes using mRNA-Seq

Exploring effects of different male parent crossings on sheep muscles and related regulatory genes using mRNA-Seq

Co-digestion of Wastewater-Grown Filamentous Algae With Sewage Sludge Improves Biomethane Production and Energy Balance Compared to Thermal, Chemical, or Thermochemical Pretreatments

Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al–Cu–Mg–(Li) based alloys

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