Defect Engineering on CeO₂‐Based Catalysts for Heterogeneous Catalytic Applications

Abstract

With abundant crystal defects, cerium oxide (CeO2), widely used in heterogeneous catalysis, has attracted extensive attention. In recent years, researchers have investigated that the defect chemistry of CeO2 plays a vital role in its catalytic activity and have developed various defect introduction methods to synthesize stable and efficient defective CeO2‐based catalysts. Herein, the understanding, introduction, and applications of defect chemistry in CeO2‐based heterogeneous catalysis are reviewed, and the structure–activity relationship between defect engineering and catalytic performance is recommended with great emphasis. Interests are put into the investigation of how defects influence the activity and stability of defective CeO2 catalysts and effective strategies for fabricating efficient, stable, and defective CeO2 catalysts. Finally, the existing problems and perspectives of CeO2 defect chemistry for heterogeneous catalysis are displayed. This review provides a reference for in‐depth understanding and the design of more efficient CeO2‐based catalysts for heterogeneous catalysis.

Regulated Li2S Deposition toward Rapid Kinetics Li‐S Batteries by a Separator Modified by CeO2‐Decorated Porous Carbon Nanostructure

“…[42] Beyond that, oxygen defects of CeO 2 offer abundant active sites to enhance interactions. [43] Herein, we developed a CeO 2 -doped nanoporous carbon (Ketjen Black), referred to as CeO 2 /KB, as a coating for the polypropylene separator (the coated separator is referred to as CeO 2 /KB/PP) for the boosted Li-S battery. First, the oxygen defects of the Lewis-based CeO 2 /KB render stronger chemical interactions and a higher catalytic activity toward Lewis-acid LiPSs, compared with La 2 O 3 -doped Ketjen Black (La 2 O 3 /KB) by the experimental analysis.…”

Morphology‐Dependent Catalysis of CeO2‐Based Nanocrystal Model Catalysts

“…In the past several years, increasing number of examples of morphology‐dependent catalytic properties of uniform oxide‐based NCs, such as Cu 2 O, [ 31‐36 ] Co 3 O 4 , [ 37 ] TiO 2 , [ 38‐39 ] ZnO, [ 40‐41 ] and Fe 2 O 3 [ 42‐43 ] have been comprehensively explored, also including several nice reviews published on this topic. [ 16‐24,44‐52 ]…”

Role of Oxygen Vacancy Ordering and Channel Formation in Tuning Intercalation Pseudocapacitance in Mo Single-Ion-Implanted CeO2–x Nanoflakes

“…Concerning defect engineering, the most common approach is through acceptor doping, largely for the purpose of increasing the oxygen vacancy concentration ([V O •• ]), where V O •• acts as active sites for surface adsorption. ,− A less-common approach is through donor doping, which creates active sites in the form of metal vacancies of variable valence. The major impact of these defects on the electrochemical process of some metal oxide nanostructures recently has been reported, − while the formation of substitutional and interstitial solid solutions upon doping generally is associated with charge compensation by ionic (by vacancy formation), electronic (electron/hole formation), or redox (Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ switching) processes.…”