“…2c, the peaks located at 529.5, 530.3, and 532.2 eV suggest the presence of the lattice O of M-O species (M = Ni, Mo) for NMO, oxygen vacancy and OH − species, respectively. 45 The peaks at 529.6, 530.8, and 532.3 eV could be ascribed to the lattice O of M-O species for NMO-MO-P, oxygen vacancy, and OH − species, respectively, and the introduction of a new peak of P-O x at 533.6 eV in NMO-MO-P, 46,47 which could promote charge transfer and facilitate H adsorption. 37,44 Moreover, compared to the single O 1s XPS peaks of the NMO and NMO-MO samples, the O 1s XPS spectrum of NMO-MO-P was featured with a positive shi (Fig.…”