Default mode network modulation by mentalizing in young adults with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia

Hyatt, Christopher J.; Calhoun, Vince D.; Pittman, Brian; Corbera, Sílvia; Bell, Morris D.; Rabany, Liron; Pelphrey, Kevin A.; Pearlson, Godfrey D.; Assaf, Michal

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102343

Cited by 23 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Only two of these 36 studies that focused on social cognition also collected clinical measures of ASD and SCZ symptoms from both groups (Hyatt et al, 2020; Martinez et al, 2017). This represents an opportunity for future studies to extend our understanding of social cognitive impairment across ASD and SCZ by assessing how clinical measures relate to performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: An updated conceptual review

2021

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are separate disorders, with distinct clinical profiles and natural histories. ASD, typically diagnosed in childhood, is characterized by restricted or repetitive interests or behaviors and impaired social communication, and it tends to have a stable course. SCZ, typically diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood, is characterized by hallucinations and delusions, and tends to be associated with declining function. However, youth with ASD are three to six times more likely to develop SCZ than their neurotypical counterparts, and increasingly, research has shown that ASD and SCZ converge at several levels. We conducted a systematic review of studies since 2013 relevant to understanding this convergence, and present here a narrative synthesis of key findings, which we have organized into four broad categories: symptoms and behavior, perception and cognition, biomarkers, and genetic and environmental risk. We then discuss opportunities for future research into the phenomenology and neurobiology of overlap between ASD and SCZ. Understanding this overlap will allow for researchers, and eventually clinicians, to understand the factors that may make a child with ASD vulnerable to developing SCZ. Lay Summary Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia are distinct diagnoses, but people with autism and people with schizophrena share several characteristics. We review recent studies that have examined these areas of overlap, and discuss the kinds of studies we will need to better understand how these disorders are related. Understanding this will be important to help us identify which autistic children are at risk of developing schizophrenia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: An updated conceptual review

2021

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“…Interestingly, an association between altered MTG response and defective mentalizing in both autism and SC has been previously suggested, but never supported by empirical evidence (e.g., Sugranyes, Kyriakopoulos, Corrigall, Taylor, & Frangou, 2011). In this respect, growing evidence highlights the involvement of posterior temporal areas both in the “mentalizing” (Moessnang et al, 2017; Walbrin & Koldewyn, 2019) and default mode (Hyatt et al, 2020) networks. Impaired DMN FC (a measure of synchronous neural activity between remote brain areas that define neural networks) has been shown in SC and ASD (Hu et al, 2017; Padmanabhan, Lynch, Schaer, & Menon, 2017), and associated with social functioning and cognitive deficits in these disorders (Fox et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impaired DMN FC (a measure of synchronous neural activity between remote brain areas that define neural networks) has been shown in SC and ASD (Hu et al, 2017; Padmanabhan, Lynch, Schaer, & Menon, 2017), and associated with social functioning and cognitive deficits in these disorders (Fox et al, 2017). Additionally, a resting state‐based classifier of ASD was effective at differentiating SC (but not attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder or depression) from controls (Yahata et al, 2016), suggesting a significant overlap in abnormal DMN patterns—involving also TPJ—between ASD and SC (Hyatt et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlapping and specific neural correlates for empathizing, affective mentalizing, and cognitive mentalizing: A coordinate‐based meta‐analytic study

Arioli

Cattaneo

Ricciardi

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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While the discussion on the foundations of social understanding mainly revolves around the notions of empathy, affective mentalizing, and cognitive mentalizing, their degree of overlap versus specificity is still unclear. We took a meta‐analytic approach to unveil the neural bases of cognitive mentalizing, affective mentalizing, and empathy, both in healthy individuals and pathological conditions characterized by social deficits such as schizophrenia and autism. We observed partially overlapping networks for cognitive and affective mentalizing in the medial prefrontal, posterior cingulate, and lateral temporal cortex, while empathy mainly engaged fronto‐insular, somatosensory, and anterior cingulate cortex. Adjacent process‐specific regions in the posterior lateral temporal, ventrolateral, and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex might underpin a transition from abstract representations of cognitive mental states detached from sensory facets to emotionally‐charged representations of affective mental states. Altered mentalizing‐related activity involved distinct sectors of the posterior lateral temporal cortex in schizophrenia and autism, while only the latter group displayed abnormal empathy related activity in the amygdala. These data might inform the design of rehabilitative treatments for social cognitive deficits.

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“…In studies using fMRI-measured task-based activation, reduced frontolimbic and superior temporal sulcus (STS) engagement during social cognition tasks was a shared feature across diagnoses (25)(26)(27). Cortical connectivity abnormalities in default mode network (DMN) and salience networks were also common to both SZ-spectrum and ASD in adults and adolescents (28,29) which were associated with abnormalities during mentalizing (29) and associated with severity of social impairment (30). However, some findings report diagnostic differences in regional activation even when task performance is similar (31) suggesting that similar behavioral phenotypes may result from different underlying mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar-Cortical Connectivity Is Linked to Social Cognition Trans-Diagnostically

et al. 2020

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Background: Psychotic disorders are characterized by impairment in social cognitive processing, which is associated with poorer community functioning. However, the neural mechanisms of social impairment in psychosis remain unclear. Social impairment is a hallmark of other psychiatric illnesses as well, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and the nature and degree of social cognitive impairments across psychotic disorders and ASD are similar, suggesting that mechanisms that are known to underpin social impairments in ASD may also play a role in the impairments seen in psychosis. Specifically, in both humans and animal models of ASD, a cerebellar–parietal network has been identified that is directly related to social cognition and social functioning. In this study we examined social cognition and resting-state brain connectivity in people with psychosis and in neurotypical adults. We hypothesized that social cognition would be most strongly associated with cerebellar–parietal connectivity, even when using a whole-brain data driven approach. Methods: We examined associations between brain connectivity and social cognition in a trans-diagnostic sample of people with psychosis ( n = 81) and neurotypical controls ( n = 45). Social cognition was assessed using the social cognition domain score of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. We used a multivariate pattern analysis to correlate social cognition with resting-state functional connectivity at the individual voxel level. Results: This approach identified a circuit between right cerebellar Crus I, II and left parietal cortex as the strongest correlate of social cognitive performance. This connectivity-cognition result was observed in both people with psychotic disorders and in neurotypical adults. Conclusions: Using a data-driven whole brain approach we identified a cerebellar–parietal circuit that was robustly associated with social cognitive ability, consistent with findings from people with ASD and animal models. These findings suggest that this circuit may be marker of social cognitive impairment trans-diagnostically and support cerebellar–parietal connectivity as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing social cognition.

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Default mode network modulation by mentalizing in young adults with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia

Cited by 23 publications

References 65 publications

Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: An updated conceptual review

Autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia: An updated conceptual review

Overlapping and specific neural correlates for empathizing, affective mentalizing, and cognitive mentalizing: A coordinate‐based meta‐analytic study

Cerebellar-Cortical Connectivity Is Linked to Social Cognition Trans-Diagnostically

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