“…To calculate this indicator, the market value of equity and assets and shareholders' profits should be used. However, due to lack of data, the book values of all variables, derived from balance sheet data, are used instead.35 In a recent study, Segoviano Basurto,Goodhart, and Hofman (2006) find that a combination of bank lending and property booms increases the likelihood of financial fragility two to three years after a boom.©International Monetary Fund. Not for Redistribution…”