Deep-sea pre-glacial to glacial sedimentation in the Weddell Sea and southern Scotia Sea from a cross-basin seismic transect

Lindeque, Ansa; Martos, Yasmina M.; Gohl, Karsten; Maldonado, Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2012.11.004

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…Early Cretaceous organic-rich mudstones from this unit were drilled at ODP Site 693 off the southeastern Weddell Sea margin (Barker et al, 1988). Following Lindeque et al (2013), we interpret it as a preglacial unit. We follow Lindeque et al's (2013) stratigraphic model for this unit in the central Weddell Sea along transect B (Fig.…”

Section: Seismic Characteristics and Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Following Lindeque et al (2013), we interpret it as a preglacial unit. We follow Lindeque et al's (2013) stratigraphic model for this unit in the central Weddell Sea along transect B (Fig. 6) and expand it to the wider region by correlating the seismic characteristics with those of transects A and C. Our unconformity WS-u4 marks the upper boundary of the pre-glacial unit and is consistent with unconformity W4 of Miller et al (1990).…”

Section: Seismic Characteristics and Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The backstripping calculations in steps 1-3 are completed along seismic profiles for horizons aged 15 Ma (lower boundary of full glacial), 34 Ma (lower boundary of transitional), and 120 Ma (none deposition), which are based on the interpretation of Miller et al (1990), Rogenhagen et al (2004) and Lindeque et al (2013) (Fig. 10).…”

Section: Backstripping and Paleobathymetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…focused on the James Ross Basin and Joinville Plateau in the northwestern Weddell Sea and provided constraints on the ice sheet evolution of the eastern margin of the Antarctic Peninsula based on seismic profiles and shallow boreholes (SHALDRIL). Lindeque et al (2013) interpreted a long northwest-southeast seismic transect across the southern Scotia Sea and Weddell Sea (Fig. 1, transect B) and proposed a modified seismic horizon stratigraphy based on it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in Cenozoic sedimentation and paleo-water depths of the Weddell Sea basin related to pre-glacial and glacial conditions of Antarctica

Huang

Gohl

Jokat

2014

Global and Planetary Change

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The Weddell Sea basin is of particular significance for understanding climate processes, including the generation of ocean water masses and their influence on ocean circulation as well as the dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheets. The sedimentary record, preserved below the basin floor, serves as an archive of the pre-glacial to glacial development of these processes, which were accompanied by tectonic processes in its early glacial phase. Three multichannel seismic reflection transects, in total nearly 5000 km long, are used to interpret horizons and define a seismostratigraphic model for the basin. We expand this initial stratigraphic model to the greater Weddell Sea region through a network of more than 200 additional seismic lines. Information from few boreholes is used to constrain sediment ages in this stratigraphy, supported by magnetic anomalies indicating decreasing oceanic basement ages from southeast to northwest. Using these constraints, we calculate grids to depict the depths, thicknesses and sedimentation rates of pre-glacial (145-34 Ma), transitional (34-15 Ma) and full-glacial (15 Ma to present) units. These grids allow us to compare the sedimentary regimes of the pre-glacially dominated and glacially dominated stages of Weddell Sea history. The pre-glacial deposition with thicknesses of up to 5 km was controlled by the tectonic evolution and sea-floor spreading history interacting with terrigenous sediment supply. The transitional unit shows a relatively high sedimentation rate and has thicknesses of up to 3 km, which may attribute to an early formation of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, which was partly advanced to the coast or even inner shelf. The main deposition center of the full-glacial unit lies in front of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf and has sedimentation rates of up to 140-200 m/Myr, which infers that ice sheets grounded on the middle to the outer shelf and that bottom-water currents strongly impacted the sedimentation. We further calculate paleobathymetric grids at 15 Ma, 34 Ma, and 120 Ma by using a backstripping technique. Our results provide constraints for an improved understanding of the paleo-ice sheet dynamics and paleoclimate conditions of the Weddell Sea region.

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Section: Seismic Characteristics and Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Seismic Characteristics and Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Backstripping and Paleobathymetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in Cenozoic sedimentation and paleo-water depths of the Weddell Sea basin related to pre-glacial and glacial conditions of Antarctica

Huang

Gohl

Jokat

2014

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The Wegener Canyon in the NE of this slope sector is the most pronounced one (Fütterer et al 1990). The structures are assumed to be old post Cretaceous to pre Miocene erosional features formed by a fluviatile drainage system before glaciation of East Antarctica reached the coast of this area (Lindeque et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A geomorphological seabed classification for the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

et al. 2015

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Sea floor morphology plays an important role in many scientific disciplines such as ecology, hydrology and sedimentology since geomorphic features can act as physical controls for e.g. species distribution, oceanographically flow-path estimations or sedimentation processes. In this study, we provide a terrain analysis of the Weddell Sea based on the 500 m 9 500 m resolution bathymetry data provided by the mapping project IBCSO. Seventeen seabed classes are recognized at the sea floor based on a fine and broad scale Benthic Positioning Index calculation highlighting the diversity of the glacially carved shelf. Beside the morphology, slope, aspect, terrain rugosity and hillshade were calculated and supplied to the data archive PANGAEA. Applying zonal statistics to the geomorphic features identified unambiguously the shelf edge of the Weddell Sea with a width of 45-70 km and a mean depth of about 1200 m ranging from 270 m to 4300 m. A complex morphology of troughs, flat ridges, pinnacles, steep slopes, seamounts, outcrops, and narrow ridges, structures with approx. 5-7 km width, build an approx. 40-70 km long swath along the shelf edge. The study shows where scarps and depressions control the connection between shelf and abyssal and where high and low declination within the scarps e.g. occur. For evaluation purpose, 428 grain size samples were added to the seabed class map. The mean values of mud, sand and gravel of those samples falling into a single seabed class was calculated, respectively, and assigned to a sediment texture class according to a common sediment classification scheme.

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Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

et al. 2016

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The spatial distribution and temporal occurrence of mass transport deposits (MTDs) in the sedimentary infill of basins and submerged banks near the Scotia‐Antarctic plate boundary allowed us to decode the evolution of the tectonic activity of the relevant structures in the region from the Oligocene to present day. The 1020 MTDs identified in the available data set of multichannel seismic reflection profiles in the region are subdivided according to the geographic and chronological distributions of these features. Their spatial distribution reveals a preferential location along the eastern margins of the eastern basins. This reflects local deformation due to the evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic transcurrent plate boundary and the impact of oceanic spreading along the East Scotia Ridge (ESR). The vertical distribution of the MTDs in the sedimentary record evidences intensified regional tectonic deformation from the middle Miocene to Quaternary. Intensified deformation started at about 15 Ma, when the ESR progressively replaces the West Scotia Ridge (WSR) as the main oceanic spreading center in the Scotia Sea. Coevally with the WSR demise at about 6.5 Ma, increased spreading rates of the ESR and numerous MTDs were formed. The high frequency of MTDs during the Pliocene, mainly along the western basins, is also related to greater tectonic activity due to uplift of the Shackleton Fracture Zone by tectonic inversion and extinction of the Antarctic‐Phoenix Ridge and involved changes at late Pliocene. The presence of MTDs in the southern Scotia Sea basins is a relevant indicator of the interplay between sedimentary instability and regional tectonics.

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Deep-sea pre-glacial to glacial sedimentation in the Weddell Sea and southern Scotia Sea from a cross-basin seismic transect

Cited by 40 publications

References 86 publications

Variability in Cenozoic sedimentation and paleo-water depths of the Weddell Sea basin related to pre-glacial and glacial conditions of Antarctica

Variability in Cenozoic sedimentation and paleo-water depths of the Weddell Sea basin related to pre-glacial and glacial conditions of Antarctica

A geomorphological seabed classification for the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Tectonic activity evolution of the Scotia‐Antarctic Plate boundary from mass transport deposit analysis

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