Deep penetration of sedimentary fluids in basement rocks from southern Norway: Evidence from hydrocarbon and brine inclusions in quartz veins

Munz, I. A.; Yardley, B. W. D.; Banks, David; Wayne, David M.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)00322-d

Cited by 86 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The metal concentration data of natural fluids are mainly from the compilation of Yardley (2005), including single fluid inclusion analysis, bulk crush leaching analysis, and direct sampling of hot springs and basinal brines. These data were combined with metal concentrations in single fluid inclusions obtained using LA-ICP-MS and PIXE (Carpenter et al 1974;Bottrell and Yardley 1988;Williams and McKibben, 1989;Heinrich et al 1992;Campbell et al 1995;Munz et al 1995;Smith et al 1996;Meere and Bank, 1997;Audétat et al 2000;Banks et al 2000;McCaig et al 2000;Zaw et al, 2003;Beuchat et al, 2004;Rusk et al, 2004;Bakker et al, 2006Bakker et al, , 2008Stoffell et al, 2008;Bertelli et al, 2009;Appold and Wenz, 2011;Kotzeva et al, 2011;Catchpole et al, 2011;Leisen et al, 2012;Li et al, 2012;Miron et al, 2013). The Cu, Zn and Pb concentrations of these natural fluids are plotted as a function of the estimated fluid temperature in Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Calculated Metal Solubilities With Metal Concementioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting regimes of Cu, Zn and Pb transport in ore-forming hydrothermal fluids

et al. 2015

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Section: Comparison Of Calculated Metal Solubilities With Metal Concementioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting regimes of Cu, Zn and Pb transport in ore-forming hydrothermal fluids

et al. 2015

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“…The penetration of fluids from overpressured sedimentary basins into underlying crystalline rocks is most clearly recognised where hydrocarbons are introduced. Examples exist of hydrocarbons or their derivatives (bitumen, methane) occupying late fractures or fluid inclusions in basement rocks close to major unconformities (Munz et al, 1995(Munz et al, , 2002Gutmanis, 2009). …”

Section: Sources and Sinks Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluids in the Continental Crust

Yardley¹,

Bodnar²

2014

GeochemPersp

220

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“…These compounds are ubiquitous in rocks of all ages from the Archaean to the present [47] . More interestingly, the Oklo and Elliot Lake FI oils contain significant amounts of 30-norhopanes, including C 28 29,30-bisnorhopane, C 29 αβ hopane and C 30 30-norhopane [14,28,29] . Moderate abundances are present in 2.7 Ga rock extracts from the Pilbara Craton [6,7] but 30-norhopanes are absent (C 28 29,30-bisnorhopane and C 30 30-norhopane) or have a low relative abundance (C 29 αβ hopane) in analysed Mesoproterozoic FI oils [24] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The reader is directed to these papers for more information. Younger Proterozoic fluid inclusions have been geochemically analysed [23,24,30,31] , but so far as the authors are aware, no other Palaeoproterozoic oil inclusion compositions have previously been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Peak assignments define stereochemistry at C-22 (S and R); αβ and βα denote 17α(H)-hopanes and 17β(H)-moretanes, respectively. 19/3 to 30/3 = C 19 -C 30 tricyclic terpanes; 24/4 = C 24 tetracyclic terpane; Ts = C 27 18α(H),22,29,30-trisnorneohopane; Tm = C 27 17α(H),22,29,30-trisnorhopane; C 29 Ts = 18α-(H)-30-norneohopane; BNH = bisnorhopane; 25-nor = C 29 25-norhopane; C30 30-nor = C 30 30-norhopane; 2α(Me) = 2α-methylhopanes (αβ). Modified from ref [14]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic: A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old

George

Dutkiewicz

Volk

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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The observation of oil inclusions trapped prior to 2.0 Ga in Palaeoproterozoic rocks and the ability to obtain detailed molecular geochemical information from them provide a robust way for understanding the early biogeochemical evolution of the Earth. Oil-bearing fluid inclusions (FI) in ca. 2.45 Ga fluvial metaconglomerate of the Matinenda Formation at Elliot Lake, Canada were trapped in quartz and feldspar during diagenesis and early metamorphism of the host rock, probably before ca. 2.2 Ga. The 2.1 Ga FA Formation sandstone of the Franceville Basin in Gabon that hosts the Oklo natural fission reactors has also been discovered to contain abundant Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs. This oil occurs within H 2 O and CO 2 -dominated inclusions trapped in syntaxial quartz overgrowths and intragranular and transgranular microfractures in detrital quartz, and was most likely trapped 2.1-1.98 Ga. Molecular geochemical analyses of both FI oils reveal a wide range of compounds, including n-alkanes, isoprenoids, monomethylalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and trace amounts of complex multi-ring biomarkers including terpanes, hopanes, methylhopanes, steranes and diasteranes. To ensure a reliable interpretation of oil inclusions, a comprehensive series of outside-rinse blanks and procedural system blanks was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; quantitative amounts of the hydrocarbons in these blanks were compared to the FI extracts, so as to provide confidence limits on the experimental integrity of each compound class. Maturity ratios based on reliably detected compound classes show that the FI oils were generated in the oil window, with no evidence of extensive thermal cracking. The presence of biomarkers for cyanobacteria and eukaryotes derived from and trapped in rocks deposited prior to 2.0 Ga is consistent with early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and suggests that some aquatic settings had become sufficiently oxygenated for sterol biosynthesis by this time. The extraction of biomarker molecules from Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs thus establishes a new method, using low detection limits and system blank levels, to trace evolution through Earth's early history that avoids the potential contamination problems affecting shale-hosted hydrocarbons. Palaeoproterozoic, fluid inclusion, oil, biomarker, blank Early Precambrian sequences containing suitable material for biomolecular studies are relatively rare due to poor preservation of sedimentary rocks over such long periods of time. Metamorphism greatly limits the number of old rocks suitable for study, so the record of biomarker evolution very early in time is distinctly incomplete [1][2][3] and to date only trace amounts of biomarkers

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Deep penetration of sedimentary fluids in basement rocks from southern Norway: Evidence from hydrocarbon and brine inclusions in quartz veins

Cited by 86 publications

References 30 publications

Contrasting regimes of Cu, Zn and Pb transport in ore-forming hydrothermal fluids

Contrasting regimes of Cu, Zn and Pb transport in ore-forming hydrothermal fluids

Fluids in the Continental Crust

Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic: A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old

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