Deep neck infection in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus: a comparison of clinical features, complications, and outcomes

Sittitrai, Pichit; Srivanitchapoom, Chonticha; Reunmakkaew, D.

doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.11.004

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Studies focusing on OI patients' nosocomial pneumonias are scarce, and occurrence of pneumonia has been shown to be moderate. In the study of Sittitrai et al [2], pneumonia occurred in 5% of patients with deep neck infections; however, the study focused on immunosuppressive patients and included infections with other than odontogenic aetiologies as well. The study of Ylijoki et al [14] reported a 1% rate of pneumonia in OI patients, but the number of patients requiring ICU treatment was low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hospitalized patients with odontogenic infections (OIs) are at risk for life-threatening conditions and infection complications. These severe infections can lead to death despite accurate and multidisciplinary care [1][2][3]. Elderly patients [3,4] and patients with underlying disease [5,6] are more susceptible to complicated infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elderly patients [3,4] and patients with underlying disease [5,6] are more susceptible to complicated infections. Generalized infection of dental origin can cause severe sepsis [1,2] and spread to distant organs, causing disseminated infections such as endocarditis [5], mediastinitis [1,2,[7][8][9], pleural emphysema [7], meningitis [10], subdural emphysema [10], brain abscess [11], necrotizing fasciitis [9,12], and thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (Lemierre's syndrome) [13]. Pneumonia is, however, a common secondary infection related to deep OI [2], and when it is acquired during hospitalization, the applicable term is nosocomial pneumonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deep neck infection-associated pneumonia is reported to occur in 1-6% of hospitalized patients [2,9,14]. Patients' general condition affects prognosis, and patients with reduced immune defence have associated respiratory tract infection secondary to OI more often than in other populations [2]. Pneumonia complicates patient care in intensive care units (ICUs) in general; nearly two-thirds (64%) of infections in this patient group are of respiratory origin [15], and as a nosocomial infection, the prevalence of ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) is 5-40% [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep odontogenic infections—identifying risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia

et al. 2020

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Objectives To evaluate occurrence and risk factors for pneumonia in patients with deep odontogenic infection (OI). Materials and methods All patients treated for deep OIs and requiring intensive care and mechanical ventilation were included. The outcome variable was diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia. Primary predictor variables were re-intubation and duration of mechanical ventilation. The secondary predictor variable was length of hospital stay (LOHS). The explanatory variables were gender, age, current smoking, current heavy alcohol and/or drug use, diabetes, and chronic pulmonary disease. Results Ninety-two patients were included in the analyses. Pneumonia was detected in 14 patients (15%). It was diagnosed on postoperative day 2 to 6 (median 3 days, mean 3 days) after primary infection care. Duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.028) and LOHS (p = 0.002) correlated significantly with occurrence of pneumonia. In addition, re-intubation (p = 0.004) was found to be significantly associated with pneumonia; however, pneumonia was detected in 75% of these patients prior to re-intubation. Two patients (2%) died during intensive care unit stay, and both had diagnosed nosocomial pneumonia. Smoking correlated significantly with pneumonia (p = 0.011). Conclusion Secondary pneumonia due to deep OI is associated with prolonged hospital care and can predict the risk of death. Duration of mechanical ventilation should be reduced with prompt and adequate OI treatment, whenever possible. Smokers with deep OI have a significantly higher risk than non-smokers of developing pneumonia. Clinical relevance Nosocomial pneumonia is a considerable problem in OI patients with lengthy mechanical ventilation. Prompt and comprehensive OI care is required to reduce these risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%