Deep Neck Contouring: Indications and Techniques

Abstract

A deep comprehension of key anatomical issues, along with the targeted application of suitable therapies, is vital for attaining exceptional neck contours. Traditional surgical approaches often focus solely on modifying subcutaneous fat and, occasionally, the platysma muscle, neglecting subplatysmal structures. This narrow focus may yield less-than-ideal results and potentially exacerbate existing issues, leading to additional contour abnormalities that prove challenging to correct. In fact, in most cases, there are additional factors deep to the platysma—such as subplatysmal fat, the anterior bellies of the digastric muscles, perihyoid fascia, and the submandibular glands—that contribute to obtuse neck contours. For these patients, accessing the neck through a submental incision allows for precise management of these deep neck structures as required. Unfamiliarity with deep anatomical structures can deter surgeons from performing subplatysmal procedures due to unwarranted concerns about increased complication risks. However, both published clinical series and our clinical experience indicate favorable long-term outcomes with natural, refined, harmonious neck contours and a minimal rate of complications. This paper serves as a comprehensive guide, describing indications, strategies and providing a step-by-step description of the senior author's techniques for mastering deep neck contouring.