Deep Learning's Governmentality

Roberge, Jonathan; Morin, Kevin; Senneville, Marius

doi:10.14361/9783839447192-008

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…3 On the other hand, special attention must be paid to the "regional" circumstances that make any case unique. To give the example of Quebec, the province relies on a four-pillar scheme: an industrial cluster subsidized by the government, the Cit e de l'IA in Montreal, an International Observatory on the Societal Impacts of AI, and an ethical Declaration-all of these in one way or another associated with Bengio (Roberge et al, 2019). Moreover, both strategic and contextual elements have the ability to show how, in the case of AI deployment, problematization is itself a particular brand of "solutionism" (Morozov, 2013).…”

Section: Theoretical Architecture: Translation Justification and Cyberneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Declaration, as said, is part of a larger assemblage that also comprises a state-supported industrial cluster, a district in Montreal where public and private investment is focused, and a nascent Observatory on the societal impact of AI. Institutionalization and personalization not being in contradiction, all these initiatives are Bengio-related and all have benefited-and still benefit-from unflagging state support (Roberge et al, 2019). The Declaration itself has been time and again promoted by Quebec's Chief Scientist's Office, while much at the same time the province's Minister of Economic Development has made clear the strategic importance of the industry: "Artificial intelligence certainly is a priority.…”

Section: Translators and The Self-regulating Horizon Of Ethical Aimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first set of such conditions deals with the contextualization of both our disciplines and the technologies they are meant to assess. Fields such as Internet, Network, and New Media Studies have successively transitioned their focus from online sociability and Big Data to algorithms and algorithmic cultures (Roberge et al, 2019;Roberge and Seyfert, 2018). Today's artificial neural networks and other machine learning variations all borrow from the above objects of study; yet they do so unevenly and with the unnerving habit of creating flexible-if not ad hoc-assemblages that are difficult to pin down.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to translate artificial intelligence? Myths and justifications in public discourse

2020

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Automated technologies populating today’s online world rely on social expectations about how “smart” they appear to be. Algorithmic processing, as well as bias and missteps in the course of their development, all come to shape a cultural realm that in turn determines what they come to be about. It is our contention that a robust analytical frame could be derived from culturally driven Science and Technology Studies while focusing on Callon’s concept of translation. Excitement and apprehensions must find a specific language to move past a state of latency. Translations are thus contextual and highly performative, transforming justifications into legitimate claims, translators into discursive entrepreneurs, and power relations into new forms of governance and governmentality. In this piece, we discuss three cases in which artificial intelligence was deciphered to the public: (i) the Montreal Declaration for a Responsible Development of Artificial Intelligence, held as a prime example of how stakeholders manage to establish the terms of the debate on ethical artificial intelligence while avoiding substantive commitment; (ii) Mark Zuckerberg’s 2018 congressional hearing, where he construed machine learning as the solution to the many problems the platform might encounter; and (iii) the normative renegotiations surrounding the gradual introduction of “killer robots” in military engagements. Of interest are not only the rational arguments put forward, but also the rhetorical maneuvers deployed. Through the examination of the ramifications of these translations, we intend to show how they are constructed in face of and in relation to forms of criticisms, thus revealing the highly cybernetic deployment of artificial intelligence technologies.

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Section: Theoretical Architecture: Translation Justification and Cyberneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Translators and The Self-regulating Horizon Of Ethical Aimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to translate artificial intelligence? Myths and justifications in public discourse

2020

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“…Accessed 1 February 2022. For similar takes on algorithmic governmentality see Cheney-Lippold (2011); Roberge et al (2019); Henman (2020). This argument echoes -and with its stress on social mediation adds to - Bratton's (2015) theory of 'planetary-scale computation' in the guise of the Stack: a 'modular interdependent order' embodying strong forms of governmentality, 'less a new medium of governance than … a form of governance in and of itself' (Bratton 2015, 373).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music and Digital Media: A planetary anthology

2022

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Anthropology has neglected the study of music. Music and Digital Media shows how and why this should be redressed. It does so by enabling music to expand the horizons of digital anthropology, demonstrating how the field can build interdisciplinary links to music and sound studies, digital/media studies, and science and technology studies. Music and Digital Media is the first comparative ethnographic study of the impact of digital media on music worldwide. It offers a radical and lucid new theoretical framework for understanding digital media through music, showing that music is today where the promises and problems of the digital assume clamouring audibility. The book contains ten chapters, eight of which present comprehensive original ethnographies; they are bookended by an authoritative introduction and a comparative postlude. Five chapters address popular, folk, art and crossover musics in the global South and North, including Kenya, Argentina, India, Canada and the UK. Three chapters bring the digital experimentally to the fore, presenting pioneering ethnographies of an extra-legal peer-to-peer site and the streaming platform Spotify, a series of prominent internet-mediated music genres, and the first ethnography of a global software package, the interactive music platform Max. The book is unique in bringing ethnographic research on popular, folk, art and crossover musics from the global North and South into a comparative framework on a large scale, and creates an innovative new paradigm for comparative anthropology. It shows how music enlarges anthropology while demanding to be understood with reference to classic themes of anthropological theory.

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“…La littératie et les connaissances du sujet impactent les niveaux de perception (De Marcellis-Warin et al, 2015). En effet, on retrouve de tels enjeux dans de nombreux secteurs comme la santé.Laufer (2000) disait que « l'acceptabilité sociale des systèmes d'IA est compromise par le statut ambigu du terme « artificiel », qui a une connotation négative et inférieure à la nature » Roberge et al (2019). ont montré dans leur étude que la littératie numérique est vue comme un facteur important de la réussite du développement et de l'implémentation des technologies employées dans les villes intelligentes.…”

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Analyse comparative d’écosystèmes en IA dans le but de repérer les pratiques innovantes en matière de formation et de transfert de connaissances

Marcellis-Warin¹

2022

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Les défis actuels des écosystèmes en IA sont caractérisés par une forte demande de talents en intelligence numérique, une demande de formations qui répondent aux besoins du marché, l’émergence de nouveaux profils d’emploi, une demande en hausse pour le rehaussement des compétences des travailleurs en emploi et une adoption de l’IA par les entreprises encore limitée à certains secteurs. C’est ce qui a motivé la mise en place de nombreuses initiatives des établissements d’enseignements et d’autres types d’acteurs, autant en matière de formation que de transfert de connaissances. Pour le Québec, les rapports qui ont été publiés en 2020 et 2021 ainsi que les entrevues menées auprès des acteurs de l’écosystème en IA ont permis de faire un survol des forces et des faiblesses. Le Québec est reconnu pour son importante communauté de recherche en IA et son positionnement pour un développement responsable de l’IA. De nombreux établissements d’enseignement ont remodelé leurs programmes pour répondre aux enjeux du numérique et aux besoins du marché. Des initiatives concertées cégeps-universités ont été mises en place et des collaborations de recherche appliquée ou l’intégration de stages ont vu le jour. Plusieurs instituts et organisations participent à accompagner les entreprises dans l’adoption de l’IA. Toutefois, la multiplicité des acteurs est souvent vue comme un obstacle pour les entreprises. Plusieurs organisations n’utilisent pas l’IA faute de compréhension générale de l’IA et de ses applications et en raison de la difficulté d’évaluer leur niveau de maturité, d’identifier les compétences nécessaires ou les besoins de formation pour les employés. Dans le cadre de cette étude, six grands constats ont pu être faits concernant les pratiques innovantes en matière de formation et de transfert de connaissances existantes à partir de l’analyse de plusieurs écosystèmes en IA dans plusieurs régions du monde. À la suite de ces constats et des discussions que nous avons eues avec des représentants de l’écosystème québécois, nous avons identifié certaines pistes qui pourraient être recommandées pour le Québec.

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Deep Learning's Governmentality

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

How to translate artificial intelligence? Myths and justifications in public discourse

How to translate artificial intelligence? Myths and justifications in public discourse

Music and Digital Media: A planetary anthology

Analyse comparative d’écosystèmes en IA dans le but de repérer les pratiques innovantes en matière de formation et de transfert de connaissances

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