Deep Learning-Based Timing Offset Estimation for Deep-Sea Vertical Underwater Acoustic Communications

Wu, Yanbo; Yao, Yadong; Wang, Ning; Zhu, Min

doi:10.3390/app10238651

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In the important work by Wu et al, 18 the authors introduce a DL system for timing offset estimation particularly for deep sea vertical underwater communication. Here, this idea is useful because there are a lot of unknowns in the ocean channel and it is shown that the method gives good performance in timing offset estimation.…”

Section: Frequency Phase and Symbol Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization techniques for underwater acoustic communications

Babu

Ameer

Koilpillai

2023

Int J Communication

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SummaryUnderwater acoustic channel is a challenging medium for communication due to the presence of significant multipath, high noise, frequency‐dependent propagation loss, and high and non‐uniform Doppler spread. Doppler shift is non‐negligible in underwater communication due to the low velocity of underwater signals. Synchronization and Doppler estimation are important requirements for achieving good performance in this channel. Synchronization algorithms that give good performance in radio communication do not work well in underwater communication. Hence, this area has received a lot of attention from researchers. This paper surveys important works in the area. The techniques proposed in the literature for frame synchronization, frequency and phase synchronization, and timing synchronization in single carrier communications are reviewed here. The synchronization techniques proposed for OFDM, MIMO OFDM, and spread spectrum communication are also surveyed. Doppler estimation methods proposed in the literature are also reviewed. It is found that most of the recent works in underwater acoustic communication focus on OFDM synchronization. Deep learning‐based methods proposed in the literature are also reviewed. Key open problems and areas that require future research attention in the field of synchronization and Doppler estimation in underwater communications are highlighted in this paper. The area needing most attention of underwater communication researchers was found to be MIMO OFDM due to the difficulty in synchronization in such systems while used in underwater communication. Reducing the computational complexity of the algorithms used is also important for future work. Schemes that work with Doppler due to relative velocity over 10 m/s also need to be developed.

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Section: Frequency Phase and Symbol Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization techniques for underwater acoustic communications

Babu

Ameer

Koilpillai

2023

Int J Communication

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“…It cannot be denied that by mining big data, machine learning (ML) or AI play a very important role in handling these two problems [15]. However, in order to have diverse measurement results, most of recent studies use channel modeling, instead of having actual measurement results [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Complexity Non-Uniform FFT for Doppler Compensation in OFDM-Based Underwater Acoustic Communication Systems

et al. 2022

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The Doppler effect critically degrades the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in general. This problem is significantly worse for underwater acoustic (UWA) communication systems due to the distinct characteristics of the underwater channel, resulting in the loss of orthogonality among sub-carriers. In order to compensate Doppler shifts, including phase noise and multipath channels in realistic communication scenarios, the joint of channel estimation and ICI reduction is often performed. However, the accuracy depends on the channel estimation and the FFT size, while this leads to increased computational complexity at the receiver. To achieve this dual goal in the actual underwater communication environment, a novel pilot structure in the frequency domain has been applied to overcome the channel impulse response (CIR) variation in a block period. The coarse Doppler shift is firstly estimated by using the received pilot signal. Afterward, the study takes advantage of the flexibility provided by non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NFFT) in choosing the sampling points to construct a fast and stable Doppler frequency Compensation Matrix-based NFFT (DCMN) to fine compensate the Doppler phase shift. Finally, this study shows the improvement of the proposed method's performance by actual experimental measurements and simulations.

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Experimental validation of carrier waveform inter-displacement modulation with software defined electronics platform

Bai

Ren

2022

Telecommun Syst

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Deep Learning-Based Timing Offset Estimation for Deep-Sea Vertical Underwater Acoustic Communications

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Synchronization techniques for underwater acoustic communications

Synchronization techniques for underwater acoustic communications

Low Complexity Non-Uniform FFT for Doppler Compensation in OFDM-Based Underwater Acoustic Communication Systems

Experimental validation of carrier waveform inter-displacement modulation with software defined electronics platform

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