Deep groundwater recharge mechanism in the sedimentary and crystalline terrains of Sri Lanka: A study based on environmental isotope and chemical signatures

Priyadarshanee, Sakhila; Pang, Zhonghe; Edirisinghe, E A N V; Dharmagunawardhane, H. A.; Pitawala, H.M.T.G.A.; Gunasekara, J.D.C.; Tilakarathna, I. A. N. D. P.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105174

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is a clear indication of the spatial deviation and the stability of geogenic minerals in metamorphic terrain. The majority of the deep fractured aquifers in the Polonnaruwa region are recharged by the rainfall inflow rates in the northeastern slope of the central highland region . More than a half of the lithosphere of Polonnaruwa consists of stable metamorphic minerals like quartzite and marble, which are weathering resistant and have lower solubilities in groundwater.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than a half of the lithosphere of Polonnaruwa consists of stable metamorphic minerals like quartzite and marble, which are weathering resistant and have lower solubilities in groundwater. Belonging to the highland complex − and having a recharge area in the mountain area of Sri Lanka have led to lowering the dissolved mineral content in the groundwater in Polonnaruwa compared to the Anuradhapura region. Aquifers in the Anuradhapura region usually depend on the water inflow from the ancient manmade tank cascade systems. , These aquifers have been created based on the regolith layer and deep fractured bedrock in the metamorphic terrains belonging to the Wanni geological complex .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the deep fractured aquifers in the Polonnaruwa region are recharged by the rainfall inflow rates in the northeastern slope of the central highland region. 20 More than a half of the lithosphere of Polonnaruwa consists of stable metamorphic minerals like quartzite and marble, which are weathering resistant and have lower solubilities in groundwater. Belonging to the highland complex 21−23 and having a recharge area in the mountain area of Sri Lanka 20 have led to lowering the dissolved mineral content in the groundwater in Polonnaruwa compared to the Anuradhapura region.…”

Section: Spatial Distributions Of General Water Quality Parameters 32...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Quality in North Central Province, Sri Lanka

Indika

Wei

et al. 2023

ACS EST Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focused on fulfilling the demand for a comprehensive investigation of groundwater quality in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka to achieve United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all). The NCP was selected as the study area due to its highest prevalence of chronic kidney disease with unknown etiology within Sri Lanka. Here, 334 shallow and deep groundwater samples were collected at the end of wet and dry seasons, respectively. Results revealed that elevated and unexpected levels of salinity, hardness, fluoride, nitrate, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon and the alkaline nature of groundwater were the main issues, and the Ca-HCO3 type was dominant in the groundwater. Water quality index analyses showed that 8.9% and 13.8% of wells had poor quality undrinkable groundwater in wet and dry seasons, respectively. Only 7% of samples were susceptible to sodium and salinity hazards for irrigational use. Reverse osmosis technology with a softening and activated carbon pretreatment process was identified as the most suitable way to treat groundwater with high salinity for many regions of the NCP. The groundwater quality atlas for the NCP created by this study was very useful for making a master plan of safe drinking water supplies and developing and implementing cost-effective water purification technologies in the NCP.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Distributions Of General Water Quality Parameters 32...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Quality in North Central Province, Sri Lanka

Indika

Wei

et al. 2023

ACS EST Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Through the prolonged interaction between the groundwater and rock strata, the adsorption occupies a non-substitutable position in the chemical composition and change of groundwater. The common cation exchange process is sodium and calcium exchange [36]. − +SO 4 2− ) showed a declining tendency, indicating that there was a positive cation exchange effect in groundwater.…”

Section: Cation Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Behavior of Shallow Groundwater around Hancheng Mining Area, Guanzhong Basin, China

Kou,

Zhao,

Duan

et al. 2024

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A total of 18 samples of shallow groundwater around the Hancheng mining area in the Guanzhong Basin were collected from 1–4 May 2018. According to the analysis of hydrochemical data, the Gibbs semi-logarithmic diagram and Piper diagram were used to research the hydrogeochemical behavior of shallow groundwater around the Hancheng mining area in the Guanzhong Basin. The results of the groundwater hydrochemical analyses shown on the Gibbs and Piper plots are as follows: The chemical composition analysis showed that the main cation components were Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+, the anion components were HCO3−, Cl−, and SO42−. A measure of 89% of the groundwater samples in this area were freshwater, the HCO3− were mainly dolomite, calcite, and gypsum dissolved precipitation resulted. Na+ and Cl− came from the dissolution of halite. Most of the groundwater was of the SO4·Cl-Ca·Mg type, accounting for 61.1%. The main ion chemistry of the shallow groundwater in this area is controlled by rock weathering, and pyrite oxidation is a significant factor affecting the SO42− concentration. These research results will help analyze the formation mechanism of chemical components and provide some basic data for the evolution of mine water in this area in the future.

show abstract

“…In Sri Lanka, groundwater is generally termed deep groundwater when groundwater occurs in the deep consolidated sedimentary formation or crystalline bedrocks. These are largely unconfined fractured aquifers and the water is extracted through the constructed tube wells with hand pumps [31][32][33]. Deep confined aquifers in the North-Western sedimentary formations, which extend from Puttalam to the Jaffna Peninsula, are the largest but least utilized aquifers in the country, though they have proven potential [33].…”

Section: Climatological Geological and Hydrological Settings Of Sri L...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergic Origin and Evolution of TDS, Mg and Fluoride in Groundwater as Relative to Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka

Priyadarshanee,

Pang,

Edirisinghe

et al. 2024

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rural population in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka is largely affected by Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown etiology (CKDu). According to the multidisciplinary research carried out so far, quality of groundwater is considered one of the possible causative factors for CKDu. Therefore, assessment of the quality of groundwater being used for drinking and its evolution mechanism is the key to identifying the linkage between CKDu and drinking water. This study aimed to perform a detailed investigation on groundwater sources using isotopic, chemical, and hydrogeological methods in the CKDu-endemic (site A) and the control area (sedimentary formation—site B) in the Malwathu Oya basin and the control areas in the Malala Oya basin (site C) selected for a systematic comparison. Our investigation shows that elevated levels of TDS, magnesium, and fluoride in the shallow groundwater affected by climatic, geochemical, and hydrogeological processes may contribute to the CKDu in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. All the groundwater samples analysed have exceeded the hardness threshold. Prominent Mg hardness proportion together with excess F− in the CKDu endemic area may produce nephrotoxic MgF2 complexes that may trigger renal damage. In contrast, NaF complexes in the CKDu control area leads to reduction of F− toxicity in the human body. Elevated F− and Mg2+ are found in site A, low F− and high Mg2+ in site B, and either combinations of low F− and low Mg2+, high F− and low Mg2+, or low F− with high Mg2+ in site C. TDS, hardness, Mg2+, Na+, and F− are formed with different mechanisms in the three selected areas. The primary process that regulates the evolution of groundwater types and contents in sites A and C is the weathering of silicates. Similarly, in site A, carbonate dissolution and reverse ion exchange are quite strong. Cation exchange and evaporite dissolution are more pronounced in site C. Shallow groundwaters are evapo-concentrated, hence their quality deteriorates more significantly than the deep groundwater in the CKDu endemic area. Dilution decreases the ion content in site A while evaporite dissolution increases it in site C after the rainy season. Evaporation and seawater mixing affect the quality of groundwater in site B. It is also found that a statistically significant difference exists in the F−/Na+, F−/Mg2+, and F−/Ca2+ between the endemic and control areas. Intensive rock weathering combined with desorption has added excess F− to the groundwater in site A, while cation exchange and fluorite dissolution are contributing factors in site C.

show abstract

Deep groundwater recharge mechanism in the sedimentary and crystalline terrains of Sri Lanka: A study based on environmental isotope and chemical signatures

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Quality in North Central Province, Sri Lanka

Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Quality in North Central Province, Sri Lanka

Hydrogeochemical Behavior of Shallow Groundwater around Hancheng Mining Area, Guanzhong Basin, China

Synergic Origin and Evolution of TDS, Mg and Fluoride in Groundwater as Relative to Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About