Deep Eutectic Solvents for Improving the Solubilization and Delivery of Dapsone

Abstract

Owing to a growing awareness toward environmental impact, the use of safer and eco-friendly solvents like deep eutectic solvents (DESs), has recently undergone important growth in the pharmaceutical field, with regard to their application as non-aqueous liquid administration vehicles, since they do not carry the same risks of toxicity and handling as traditional organic solvents. Major attention has been given to the development of advantageous transdermal drug delivery systems, because of their ease of use and better acceptability. Here, we report the use of two different DESs, based on choline chloride, used as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), and ascorbic acid or propylene glycol, used as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), able to enhance the solubility and the topical delivery of dapsone, representing a class IV drug. The interactions between the DESs’ components and the drug were studied by performing DSC, FT-IR, and NMR analysis of the eutectic systems and the pure drug, confirming the establishment of H-bonds between the drug and the DESs’ components. Diffusion and permeability studies, carried out in a Franz cell, showed an increase in permeability, highlighting the great potential of DESs as dissolution and permeation enhancers in the development of novel and more effective drug delivery systems in topical administration.

Simple and reliable eco‐extraction of bioactive compounds from dark chocolate by Deep Eutectic Solvents. A sustainable study

“…Furthermore, the Bet/Teg pair also showed good anti‐radical capacities, between 90.42% and 94.66% inhibition of the ABTS radical, for the 30% hydration, showing similar extraction capacities with the conventional solvent MeOH:H2O. The data also show that the formation of Deep Eutectic Solvents affects the extraction capabilities of antioxidant compounds (Hassani et al ., 2019; Trombino et al ., 2022).…”

Cytotoxicity profiling of choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents

“…37 All the mentioned features are also present in NADES solvents, with the exceptional possibility of solubilization of small molecules, an increase of permeability, and bioavailability. 6,31,44 10 pointed out that the mechanism of NADES action is determined by the composition of the system and is most likely associated with its interactions with cell membranes. Our research conrmed that the toxicity of NADES, which is variable and primarily depends on the biological characteristics of the cell line itself, and also on the concentration of the system, must be taken into account.…”

“… 5 They also have been regarded as promising mixtures for pharmaceutical industries, particularly because of their potential to enhance the solubility, penetration as well as absorption of drugs even better than water. 6 Moreover, the beneficial features of NADES to act as a drug delivery vehicle have been introduced in a recent study. 7 The improved dissolution and enhanced bioavailability of poorly-soluble compounds nominate NADES as an advantageous strategy to overcome the weakness of the current pharmaceutical and food industries.…”

Design, preparation and characterization of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin-based deep eutectic solvents

“…This approach was proven very useful for tailoring the desired physico-chemical properties of DESs. [22][23][24][25][26] DESs have also found use in the pharmaceutical industry as they can serve as drug delivery systems 27,28 or can be composed of the drug itself, forming so-called therapeutic deep eutectic solvents (THEDES). 29 In this manner, they can be used to stabilize various bioactive compounds, 30,31 enzymes 32 and proteins.…”