Deep eutectic solvents as both active fillers and monomers for frontal polymerization

Mota‐Morales, Josué D.; Gutiérrez, Marı́a C.; Ferrer, M. Luisa; Sánchez, Isaac C.; Elizalde-Peña, Eduardo A.; Pojman, John A.; Monte, Francisco del; Luna‐Bárcenas, Gabriel

doi:10.1002/pola.26555

Cited by 107 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Frontal polymerization (FP) is an alternative synthetic method that allows obtaining polymer materials by a simple reaction route, short time and low energy consumption . FP allows the fast conversion of monomer into polymer by exploiting the heat produced by the exothermicity of the selfsame polymerization reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the frontal ring opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene

Ruiu

Sanna

Alzari

et al. 2014

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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The frontal ring opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene using first and second generation Grubbs' catalysts is reported. To have sufficiently long pot lives, dimethylaminopyridine is added as an inhibitor. By choosing the proper compositions, it is possible to determine the ranges in which pure frontal polymerization occurs. A thorough study on the effect of the above components on the maximum temperatures reached by the front and on its velocities is performed. Namely, temperatures range from 164 to 205 °C depending on the type of catalyst and the above component ratios. Besides, front velocities range from 1.0 to 15.0 cm/min, which are one of the lowest and one of the highest values reported so far in any frontal polymerization experiment reported in literature. This finding allows the complete control of the frontal ring opening polymerization of dicyclopentadiene also in practical applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 2776–2780

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the frontal ring opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene

Ruiu

Sanna

Alzari

et al. 2014

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…Thus, a well-defined polymerization front propagates axially along the reaction vessel (from one end of the reactor to the other) taking advantage of the exothermic nature of acrylic polymerizations. [74] This is a remarkable result from a green chemistry point of view. Unfortunately, its practical application is by no means trivial.…”

Section: Green Acrylic Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Unfortunately, its practical application is by no means trivial. [74] Moreover, one can take advantage of the excellent solvent properties of DESs to prepare added-value materials. Otherwise, the temperature tends to experience a sharp and simultaneous increase in the whole reactor (Figure 2 c) that promotes the appearance of bubbles, owing to boiling of solvent and/or monomer, and even the "burnout" of the initiator, the occurrence of which (either separately or in a combined fashion) disrupts the poly- The use of eutectic mixtures of acrylic or methacrylic acid with ChCl opened up interesting perspectives in FPs.…”

Section: Green Acrylic Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polymerizations: A Greener Alternative to Conventional Syntheses

et al. 2013

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The use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) that act as all‐in‐one solvent–template–reactant systems offers an interesting green alternative to conventional syntheses in materials science. This Review aims to provide a comprehensive overview to emphasize the similarities and discrepancies between DES‐assisted and conventional syntheses and rationalize certain green features that are common for the three DES‐assisted syntheses described herein: one case of radical polymerization and two cases of polycondensations. For instance, DESs contain the precursor itself and some additional components that either provide certain functionality (e.g., drug delivery and controlled release, or electrical conductivity) to the resulting materials or direct their formation with a particular structure (e.g., hierarchical‐type). Moreover, DESs provide a reaction medium, so polymerizations are ultimately carried out in a solventless fashion. This means that DES‐assisted syntheses match green chemistry principles 2 and 5 because of the economy of reagents and solvents, whereas the functionality incorporated by the second component allows the need for any post‐synthesis derivatization to be minimized or even fully avoided (principle 8). DESs also provide new precursors that favor more efficient polymerization (principle 6) by decreasing the energy input required for reaction progress. Finally, the use of mild reaction conditions in combination with the compositional versatility of DESs, which allows low‐toxic components to be selected, is also of interest from the viewpoint of green chemistry because it opens up the way to design biocompatible and/or eco‐friendly synthetic methods (principle 3).

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“…The addition of the DES results in higher monomer conversion, higher molecular weight, and multimodal molecular weight distribution of poly(methyl methacrylate). Recently, mixtures of acrylic monomers with CC or others ammonium salts have been reported as medium suitable for frontal polymerization . DESs demonstrated superior performance than regular organic solvent and even ionic liquids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of hydrogels by polymerization of itaconic acid–choline chloride deep eutectic solvent

Bednarz

Fluder

Galica

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Itaconic acid (IA)–choline chloride (CC) deep eutectic solvents (DES) were prepared and characterized by NMR, TGA, and DSC. Poly(itaconic acid–co–bisacrylamide) hydrogels were synthesized by in situ polymerization‐crosslinking of the DES. For comparison, the hydrogels were also prepared in water under the same process conditions, that is, temperature, time, initial concentration of the monomer, the initiator, and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BAA) as the cross‐linking agent. Chemical structure of the polymers was proved by elemental analysis and FTIR. The values of insoluble gel fraction and water swelling of obtained hydrogels suggest that polymers prepared in DES have higher cross‐link density. Preliminary comparative studies of polymerization of IA in water and in DES medium indicated higher polymerization rate resulting from the presence of the choline salt, what might explain properties of the hydrogels prepared in DES. This study shows that DES can be used both as a solvent and catalyst in free‐radical polymerization processes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40608.

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Deep eutectic solvents as both active fillers and monomers for frontal polymerization

Cited by 107 publications

References 54 publications

Advances in the frontal ring opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene

Advances in the frontal ring opening metathesis polymerization of dicyclopentadiene

Deep Eutectic Solvents in Polymerizations: A Greener Alternative to Conventional Syntheses

Synthesis of hydrogels by polymerization of itaconic acid–choline chloride deep eutectic solvent

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