Deep-eutectic solvents as a support in the nonaqueous synthesis of macroporous poly(HIPEs)

Abstract

Polymerizations of nonaqueous HIPEs with (meth)acrylic monomers as continuous phase and DES as internal phase produce macroporous interconnected polymer monoliths.

Nonaqueous Synthesis of Macroporous Nanocomposites Using High Internal Phase Emulsion Stabilized by Nanohydroxyapatite

“…Ultimately, 7 wt% was chosen because it was the surfactant concentration previously shown to have higher stability. [16a,c] Additionally, pMMA poly(HIPEs) with 7 wt% presented a relatively lower elastic modulus than 6 and 8 wt% making it slightly less stiff. Elasticity is highly desirable to ensure that materials meet the requirements for implants in nonload bearing applications (overall compressibility of around 3–4 MPa) …”

“…Deep‐eutectic solvents (DESs) as nonaqueous media represent a green alternative for the synthesis of different types of poly(HIPEs) . DESs are a new generation of designer solvents comprised of a eutectic mixture formed through association of hydrogen bond donors and ammonium or phosphonium salts (the DES under study are of type III, i.e., composed by an ammonium salt and a hydrogen bond donor) .…”

“…They share many notable qualities with ionic liquids like high thermal and chemical inertness, negligible vapor pressure, tunable polarity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of solutes. Developing HIPEs in DESs offers not only a more benign route in terms of the use of toxic solvents and additional components, but also poly(HIPEs) processing (e.g., extracting the internal phase)[16a] prior contacting with living systems becomes easier by using DESs. A more interesting approach is the opportunity to explore experimental conditions at which traditional aqueous HIPEs are barely stable,[7,16b,d] thus broadening the palette of morphologies available through HIPE polymerization.…”

Chemically Cross‐Linked Poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐Supported Deep Eutectic Solvent Gel Electrolytes for Eco‐Friendly Supercapacitors

“…Although several manifestations of IL‐based gels (ionogels) have been prepared and investigated in recent years, very little work has been performed to date toward developing DES‐based gels as solid electrolytes. A few solid‐state, polymer/DES composite materials have been reported, but these are generally not intended for electrochemical applications ,. Recently, Mukesh et al.…”

“…A few solid-state, polymer/DES composite materials have been reported, but these are generally not intended for electrochemical applications. [19,20] Recently, Mukesh et al reported the creation of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA), homopolymer-supported DES gels based on a DES containing choline chloride (ChCl) and orcinol and demonstrated their use in supercapacitor prototypes. [21] However, several aspects of these DES gels served to limit their performance as solid electrolytes.…”