Deep eutectic solvent as a novel disperser in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFOD) for preconcentration of steroids in water samples: Assessment of the method deleterious impact on the environment using Analytical Eco-Scale and Green Analytical Procedure Index

El-Deen, Asmaa Kamal; Shimizu, Kuniyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2019.103988

Cited by 66 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Each individual uncertainty was calculated as in our previous work. 12 The proposed method expanded uncertainty (%U) values were lower than 18% (Table 3). This confirms how the analytical data obtained by our method is reliable.…”

Section: Performance Of the Developed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…10 These drawbacks have attracted attention to new miniaturized sustainable techniques and/or solvents like DLLME introduced by Rezaee. 11 It was combined with chromatographic techniques for organic [12][13][14][15][16][17] and inorganic [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] compounds analysis in environmental, pharmaceutical, and biological samples. However, not only reducing the volume of used organic solvents, but also replacing hazardous solvents with greener ones is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of D-Limonene as a Bio-based Solvent in Low DensityDispersive Liquid?Liquid Microextraction of Acidic Drugs from Aqueous Samples

El-Deen

Shimizu

2019

ANAL. SCI.

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This study deals with the application of different monoterpenes as relatively green bio-based solvents for low densitydispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (LD-DLLME) of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from aqueous samples in comparison with conventional halogenated solvents. Results indicated that D-limonene could extract the hydrophobic compounds with higher %recovery compared with other bio-based and halogenated solvents. The LD-DLLME procedure was optimized by applying one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) followed by central composite face-centered design (CCF) of the response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimal conditions, the method exhibited good linearity with r ≥ 0.9950 with low LOD as well as LOQ levels in the range of 0.11 to 0.81 and 0.36 to 2.69 ng/mL, respectively. The method was efficiently applied to a variety of real aqueous samples. Finally, the green aspect of our procedure was compared with some reported methods using two green metric tools.

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Section: Performance Of the Developed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of D-Limonene as a Bio-based Solvent in Low DensityDispersive Liquid?Liquid Microextraction of Acidic Drugs from Aqueous Samples

El-Deen

Shimizu

2019

ANAL. SCI.

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“…The optimization of the parameters studied (volume of 2-dodecanol, volume of DES and centrifugation time) was based on the surface response methodology. The plotted contour clarified that with 2-dodecanol volumes set at 50 μL and DES volumes between 220 and 240 μL a positive outcome for steroids determination was achieved [56]. In fact, CO 2 microbubbles dispersed by the DES in aqueous phases resulted in rapid extraction kinetics, thus minimizing the loss of target analyte.…”

Section: Factors Controlling Extractionmentioning

confidence: 92%

CO2-Effervescence in Liquid Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Micropollutants in Environmental Water: a Review

et al. 2021

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Liquid phase microextraction is a state-of-the-art micro-analytical work with numerous advantages documented in the scientific literature. One of the most intriguing subclasses is the CO 2 -effervescence assisted dispersive liquid−liquid microextraction method. Working theory was based on an acid-based reaction involving a proton donor and a carbon dioxide source. The paper outlines the considerations regarding the microextraction performance that can change in terms of physical, chemical properties, and its application for environmental sample analysis. A wide range of the developed and applied novel methods clearly indicates that CO 2 -effervescence is still in demand among researchers looking for new achievements in green analytical chemistry. This review focuses on the method application for the extraction and preconcentration of different classes of micropollutants (organic or inorganic) in environmental waters. New breakthroughs in the microextraction process show enhanced performance of the system in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, precision and the attempt to reduce extraction steps during separation or retrieval processes for low concentrations of analytes. Future direction refers to the improvement of green parameters in the microextraction, use of extracting agents as co-dispersers (solid or liquid), removal of elution dependency in solvents by the use of super-paramagnetic properties, etc. The success stories of the method development are widely documented in the literature. This microextraction technique will continue to serve as a reliable tool for the determination of micropollutants in environmental samples.

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“…First, El-Deen et al reported the use of DES (TBABr: acetic acid, 1:2) as a green disperser in DLLME-SFOD that was used for the enrichment of nine steroids from water samples for the first time [ 33 ]. In this procedure, unlike the usual DLLME procedure, the aqueous sample (spiked with the analytes) was quickly injected into the extraction mixture (extracting and dispersive solvents) using a syringe.…”

Section: Dess In Dllme-sfodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, intriguing solutions to similar challenges have been revealed. Dispersers can be replaced by greener deep eutectic solvents [ 33 ], surfactants can act as dispersers, or the process can be conducted through several mechanical dispersion methods such as ultrasound [ 49 ], vortex [ 72 ], air [ 38 ], or magnetic stirring. On the other hand, the extensive application of DLLME-SFOD has raised the necessity to fully automate the extraction process.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents as Promising Green Solvents in Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet: Recent Applications, Challenges and Future Perspectives

El-Deen

Shimizu

2021

Molecules

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently attracted attention as a promising green alternative to conventional hazardous solvents by virtue of their simple preparation, low cost, and biodegradability. Even though the application of DESs in analytical chemistry is still in its early stages, the number of publications on this topic is growing. Analytical procedures applying dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets (DLLME-SFOD) are among the more appealing approaches where DESs have been found to be applicable. Herein, we provide a summary of the articles that are concerned with the application of DESs in the DLLME-SFOD of target analytes from diverse samples to provide up-to-date knowledge in this area. In addition, the major variables influencing enrichment efficiency and the microextraction mechanism are fully investigated and explained. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of applying DESs in DLLME-SFOD are thoroughly discussed and are critically analyzed.

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Cited by 66 publications

References 54 publications

Application of D-Limonene as a Bio-based Solvent in Low DensityDispersive Liquid?Liquid Microextraction of Acidic Drugs from Aqueous Samples

Application of D-Limonene as a Bio-based Solvent in Low DensityDispersive Liquid?Liquid Microextraction of Acidic Drugs from Aqueous Samples

CO2-Effervescence in Liquid Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Micropollutants in Environmental Water: a Review

Deep Eutectic Solvents as Promising Green Solvents in Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet: Recent Applications, Challenges and Future Perspectives

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