Deep Drainage Estimates for Irrigated Crop Rotations in Subhumid, Subtropical Australia

Kodur, Shreevatsa; Robinson, J. B. D.; Foley, J. L.; Silburn, D. M.

doi:10.1002/ird.1872

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Losses of nitrate in deep drainage in furrow-irrigated cotton systems in Australia are mentioned by Silburn et al (2013) to be related to total rainfall and irrigation applied over the crop season. System's optimization and improved management (flow rate, field length, and cut-off time) can significantly reduce deep losses of both water and nitrate (Silburn et al, 2013), particularly when effective rooting depth is not restricted by soil mechanical constraints (Dodd et al, 2013;Kodur et al, 2014). Granular fertilizer applied before planting needs to be placed at shallow depth (e.g., 50-100 mm) at the centerline of the hill or on the side, but near the ridgetop, to minimize the risk of N moving out of the root zone when irrigation is applied (Siyal et al, 2012).…”

Section: Mineral Nitrogen In Soil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fertigation Applied to Furrow and Overhead Irrigated Cotton Grown in a Black Vertosol in Southern Queensland, Australia

Antille¹

2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Abstract.Field trials were conducted at gated pipe surface and overhead irrigation sites established to cotton ( L.) to evaluate irrigation and fertigation management using a model-based control system. The control strategies determined the timing and volume of irrigation, and the rate of fertilizer-N to apply through fertigation. For this, nitrogen (N) was applied in-crop season using urea ammonium nitrate (UAN, 30% N solution) at a rate of 40 kg ha-1 N. At the furrows site, the uniformity of distribution of fertilizer-N applied through fertigation was satisfactory, which was achieved both at distance (600 m) and depth (0-600 mm). Applying fertilizer-N through fertigation, at the rate used in this study, showed relatively small (=8%) improvements in cotton yield, which was explained by relatively high N rates (180 kg ha-1 N) applied before planting. Given current price ratios (fertilizer-to-cotton), application of N through fertigation appears to be economical in both systems, but relative agronomic efficiencies and economic return from the fertilizer applied were lower in furrow compared with overhead (P<0.05). Fertigation may be recommended when pre-season N application rates are low (e.g., <100 kg ha-1 N), particularly in overhead irrigation as significantly higher efficiencies both in terms of water and N use can be achieved with this system. This would enable some of the operational constraints associated with application of N in-crop season to be overcome; thereby, reducing the need for high rates of N applied up-front. For the overhead system, there were also advantages compared with the furrow system in terms of reduced potential for N2O emissions after irrigation or fertigation. Overall, short-term (30-day period) soil emissions of N2O were approximately eight times higher in furrow compared with overhead. Emissions from non-fertigated crops were approximately two times higher in furrow compared with overhead. Emissions from the fertigated crop under the overhead system were comparable to the non-fertigated crop of the furrow system (P>0.05). In both systems, fluxes were highest within five days of irrigation or fertigation, but they decreased significantly after that time as soil moisture content (water-filled pore space) and soil nitrate levels decreased due to crop uptake. Nitrous oxide fluxes were similar in furrow and overhead 15 days after the irrigation or fertigation event. Areas that warrant further investigation are presented and discussed, including the need for improved timing of fertilizer delivery during the irrigation cycle to ensure that N losses through leaching or gaseous evolution (e.g., N2O, N2) are not economically or environmentally significant. Keywords: Greenhouse gas emissions, Irrigated cotton, Nitrogen use efficiency, Urea ammonium nitrate, Water-run urea.

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Section: Mineral Nitrogen In Soil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fertigation Applied to Furrow and Overhead Irrigated Cotton Grown in a Black Vertosol in Southern Queensland, Australia

Antille¹

2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Soil‐Hydrological Responses to Rainfall Variation in a Subtropical Australian Landscape

Kodur¹,

Robinson²,

Foley³

et al. 2015

Irrigation and Drainage

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Reliable water supply for farming is a global concern, including the Lockyer Valley region, Australia. Knowledge of rainfall variation and resulting irrigation demand and deep drainage can improve crop water use and minimize salinity. Therefore, we modelled irrigation demand and deep drainage for different land-use types of the Lockyer Valley and classified them according to rainfall. During the periods of extremely low rainfall (mean = 468 mm yr -1 ), deep drainage fell by 35-239 mm yr -1 , whereas irrigation demand rose by 160-310 mm yr -1 , relative to extremely high rainfall (1138 mm yr -1 ). With all land-use types, deep drainage rose with water input, but it was consistent in the order (mean, mm yr -1 ): lucerne (8-11), native grass (13), sorghum-wheat sequence (37-64), bare fallow (169) RÉSUMÉLa fiabilité de l'approvisionnement en eau pour l'agriculture est une préoccupation mondiale, y compris dans la région de la Lockyer Valley, en Australie. La connaissance des variations des précipitations et la demande résultante d'irrigation et de drainage profond peuvent améliorer l'utilisation de l'eau des cultures et de minimiser la salinité. Par conséquent, nous avons modélisé la demande d'irrigation et de drainage profond pour l'utilisation de la vallée de Lockyer des terres différentes et les avons classés en fonction de la pluviométrie. Pendant les périodes de précipitations extrêmement faibles (moyenne = 468 mm année -1 ) et par comparaison à une année avec de très fortes précipitations (1138 mm année -1 ), le drainage profond a chuté de 35 à 239 mm année -1 alors que la demande d'irrigation a augmenté de 160 à 310 mm année -1 . En considérant que toutes les terres sont utilisées, le drainage profond a augmenté avec les lames d'eau d'entrée, avec des variations interculturales (valeurs moyennes, mm année -1 ): luzerne (8-11), prairie naturelle (13), séquence de sorgho-blé (37-64), jachère nue (169) et séquence maïs doux-brocoli-haricot (225). Ces tendances décennales de la demande d'irrigation et drainage profond permettent de caractériser les demandes d'irrigation sensibilisation et de sensibiliser aux risques de drainage profond si l'irrigation n'est pas gérée correctement. Ces résultats auront des répercussions plus importantes pour la gestion des cultures et de l'environnement sous des variations de précipitations.

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Improving the prediction of soil evaporation for different soil types under dryland cropping

Kodur

2017

Agricultural Water Management

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Deep Drainage Estimates for Irrigated Crop Rotations in Subhumid, Subtropical Australia

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of Fertigation Applied to Furrow and Overhead Irrigated Cotton Grown in a Black Vertosol in Southern Queensland, Australia

Evaluation of Fertigation Applied to Furrow and Overhead Irrigated Cotton Grown in a Black Vertosol in Southern Queensland, Australia

Soil‐Hydrological Responses to Rainfall Variation in a Subtropical Australian Landscape

Improving the prediction of soil evaporation for different soil types under dryland cropping

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