Deep Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel by Extraction with Task-Specific Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Extraction of S-compounds from diesel oil by task-specific ionic liquids has been investigated. The influences of different ionic liquids, extraction time, extraction temperature, different S-compounds, the amount, and the recycling of ionic liquid were studied. This process is capable of removing up to 56% of dibenzothiophene in model diesel oil under optimum extraction conditions. At the same time, this process was applied to the real predesulfurized diesel oils. The results indicate that such a process could be an alternative to common hydrodesulfurization for deep desulfurization.

Biodegradation of diesel fuel by a microbial consortium in the presence of 1-alkoxymethyl-2-methyl-5-hydroxypyridinium chloride homologues

“…Together with the discoveries of new applications for ILs, contamination may also occur in the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons. ILs were already tested for their ability to upgrade crude oils (Fan et al 2007;Siskin et al 2008;Shi et al 2008) and their use in desulfurization of diesel fuel hydrocarbons has been an area of intensive research (Bösmann et al 2001;Gao et al 2008;Liu et al 2008;Mochizuki and Sugawara 2008). Thus it is important to investigate whether the presence of ILs is likely to affect biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons.…”

Modeling and simulation of an industrial secondary reformer reactor in the fertilizer plants

“…The key challenge with liquid-liquid extraction is finding a suitable solvent. Previous studies have shown that the purity of the ILs may be retained after regeneration with a promising solvent and drying at high vacuum for 4 h [15]. In this paper, suitable solvents for the re-extraction of sulfur compounds from the IL were studied using thermodynamic criteria.…”

“…Of all the processes given by Fernán-dez et al, [7] two regeneration processes have been identified as viable methods due to their efficiency and cost effectiveness (Liu et al [15], Gabric et al [8] namely (a) vacuum distillation which is appropriate for the regeneration of ILs, due to their nonvolatility. Gabrić et al [8] investigated the regeneration of the selected ILs using vacuum distillation and found that for synthetic diesel oil, the regenerated ILs were not totally purified due to the high boiling points of the S-compounds found in diesel oil.…”

“…A suitable solvent for extractive desulfurization should have a high partition coefficient for sulfur components especially aromatic sulfur compounds, negligible cross solubility, high thermal and chemical stability, nontoxicity, environmental compatibility, and low cost for commercial applications [13]. Many organic solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, dimethylformamide, and polyalkylene glycol have been used as extractants, but none of these solvents conform to all of the above requirements and their performance in removing sulfur from fuels has not been fully satisfactory [15]. As a result, there have been a drive to find more selective solvents able to transform sulfur compounds into more soluble compounds and in this regard, ionic liquids (ILs) have been recognized as promising alternatives to conventional nondesirable organic solvents and have received considerable attention as extractants for desulfurization of liquid fuels [10,14], or at least as a complementary technology to the HDS process.…”

Ultrasound-Assisted Oxidative Desulfurization/Denitrification of Liquid Fuels with Solid Oxidants

“…Therefore, conventional hydrotreatment must be modified and revamped if it is to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). 7 In the last few decades, alternative deep desulfurization techniques have been extensively investigated, these include; extractive desulfurization (EDS), which can even make use of task specific ionic-liquids; 8,9 adsorptive desulfurization (ADS); 10,11,12 oxidative desulfurization (ODS); 13 and bio-desulfurization (BDS). 14,15 ODS has perhaps drawn the most widespread attention, 16 because of its mild operative conditions (atmospheric pressure, <100°C) and the fact it proceeds without hydrogen consumption.…”