2011
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.61
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Deep brain stimulation and the role of astrocytes

Abstract: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a powerful surgical therapy for the management of treatment-resistant movement disorders, epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although DBS may be clinically effective in many cases, its mode of action is still elusive. It is unclear which neural cell types are involved in the mechanism of DBS, and how high-frequency stimulation of these cells may lead to alleviation of the clinical symptoms. Neurons have commonly been a main focus in the many theories explaining… Show more

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Cited by 104 publications
(87 citation statements)
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“…17 In particular, the SCG cortex is anatomically and functionally related with other cortical, thalamic and limbic areas. 18,20,21 Since DBS affects multiple neural structures, such as myelinated axons and, to a lesser extent, cell bodies, 22 it is likely that the orthodromic and antidromic axonal stimulation of the SCG may affect neuronal transmission in a large number of brain areas projecting to and receiving inputs from this key area. In agreement with this view, focal and distal effects can be inferred after DBS of the SCG, 8 and this could explain why some patients with depression can still maintain their previous improvement in the sham stimulation phase and also why the effects are not immediate when stimulation is activated.…”
Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015;40(4)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…17 In particular, the SCG cortex is anatomically and functionally related with other cortical, thalamic and limbic areas. 18,20,21 Since DBS affects multiple neural structures, such as myelinated axons and, to a lesser extent, cell bodies, 22 it is likely that the orthodromic and antidromic axonal stimulation of the SCG may affect neuronal transmission in a large number of brain areas projecting to and receiving inputs from this key area. In agreement with this view, focal and distal effects can be inferred after DBS of the SCG, 8 and this could explain why some patients with depression can still maintain their previous improvement in the sham stimulation phase and also why the effects are not immediate when stimulation is activated.…”
Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015;40(4)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…L'ATP, considérée comme un transmetteur excitateur, est rapidement hydrolysée (après environ 200 ms) en adénosine grâce aux ectonucléotidases 3 présentes dans la fente synaptique. L'adénosine agit principalement comme un puissant inhibiteur de la transmission synaptique en activant les récepteurs adénosine 4 marqueurs précliniques de la réponse antidépressive : la DBS dans le CPF-IL induit une rapide augmentation de la neurogenèse hippocampique 7 , renverse les effets du stress sur la métaplasti-cité synaptique 8 de l'hippocampe, augmente les oscillations basses fréquences spontanées dans le CPF-IL ainsi que la fréquence de décharge des neurones sérotoninergiques et la synaptogénèse dans le raphé dorsal 9 . Or, nous avons également démontré que toutes ces modifications neuronales induites par la DBS dépendent de l'intégrité du système astrocytaire à l'endroit de la stimulation.…”
unclassified
“…Or, nous avons également démontré que toutes ces modifications neuronales induites par la DBS dépendent de l'intégrité du système astrocytaire à l'endroit de la stimulation. En effet, une lésion gliale, réalisée à l'aide d'acide L-alpha aminoadipique, capable d'induire une perte médiaire d'une puissante modulation de l'activité du réseau neuronal impliqué dans la réponse à la stimulation [8]. Les récentes recherches précliniques de notre équipe ont, pour la première fois, permis de confirmer cette hypothèse.…”
unclassified
“…Calcium uncaging, optogenetic activation, electromechanical stimulation, and pharmacological application have been deployed to activate astrocytes. 13,18,19 Due to the limitation of light scattering and diffusion, single-photon calcium uncaging with ultraviolet (UV) light cannot provide the high spatial resolution to specifically target the astrocyte endfoot around the arterioles, particularly those more than 30 μm below the cortical surface. To this end, the optogenetic approach can be applied to specific targets and to activate astrocytes for chronic treatments with high spatiotemporal resolution.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%