Deductive‐reasoning brain networks: A coordinate‐based meta‐analysis of the neural signatures in deductive reasoning

Wang, Li; Zhang, Meng; Zou, Feng; Wu, Xin; Wang, Yufeng

doi:10.1002/brb3.1853

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Prado, 2018;Reverberi et al, 2012;Salto et al, 2021). In this study, there is no electrical evidence of deductive core areas in the valid condition, but beta-2 oscillations coincide with opercular and triangular activity described by deductive meta-studies (Li Wang et al, 2020). Signi cantly, left frontal and parietal regions do not show statistically signi cant differences between the two conditions (See Figure S4 in Supplementary Material).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…These results do not support with EEG data any speci c core region of deductive processing. In particular, left frontal areas (J. Prado, 2018) and cinguloopercular regions (Li Wang et al, 2020), typically associated with semantic processing, are similar in both conditions, which is reasonable as they depend on the same visual content also in both conditions. In other neurophysiological studies on inferential tasks, the cortical topography did not show relevant changes either, as it is the case in (Basile et al, 2013), where reasoning and attention are equivalent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Electrical Analysis of Logical Proof: an Exploratory Eeg Study of Logically Valid/invalid Inference

Salto

Requena

Paula

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction. Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are eventually realized in the brain are in fact physically different from other kinds of inferential processes.Methods. In order to determine whether an electrical EEG discernible pattern of logical deduction exists or not, a new experimental paradigm is proposed contrasting logically valid and invalid inferences with exactly the same content (same premises and same relational variables) and distinct logical complexity (propositional truth-functional operators). Electroencephalographic signals from 19 subjects (24.2 ± 3.3 years) were acquired in a two-condition paradigm (100 trials for each condition). After the initial general analysis, a trial-by-trial approach in beta-2 band allowed to uncover not only evoked but also phase asynchronous activity between trials. Results showed that (i) deductive inferences with the same content evoked the same response pattern in logically valid and invalid conditions, (ii) mean response time in logically valid inferences is 61.54% higher, (iii) logically valid inferences are subjected to an early (400ms) and a late reprocessing (600ms) verified by two distinct beta-2 activations (p-value < 0,01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). In conclusion, we found evidence of a subtle but measurable electrical trait of logical validity. Results put forward the hypothesis that some logically valid deductions are recursive or computational cortical events.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Electrical Analysis of Logical Proof: an Exploratory Eeg Study of Logically Valid/invalid Inference

Salto

Requena

Paula

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Perhaps the most relevant psychological process is logical reasoning and here there are several different meta-analyses examining different types or subtypes of reasoning. Whether it is reasoning in general (Wendelken, 2015), deductive reasoning (Prado et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2020; Wertheim & Ragni, 2018), inductive reasoning (Wertheim & Ragni, 2018), analogical reasoning (Hobeika et al, 2016), syllogistic reasoning (Wertheim & Ragni, 2020), or conditional reasoning (Wertheim & Ragni, 2020), activations in SPL, IPS, as well as IPL are common.…”

Section: Subjective Construalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing minds, matter, and meaning: The CEEing model of pre-reflective subjective construal.

Lieberman¹

2022

Psychological Review

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Although subjective construal (i.e., our personal understanding of situations and the people and objects within them) has been an enduring topic in social psychology, its underlying mechanisms have never been fully explored. This review presents subjective construals as a kind of seeing (i.e., pre-reflective processes associated with effortless meaning-making). Three distinct forms of "seeing" (visual, semantic, and psychological) are discussed to highlight the breadth of these construals. The CEEing model characterizes these distinct domains of pre-reflective construals as all being Coherent Effortless Experiences associated with lateral posterior parietal cortex, lateral posterior temporal cortex, tempororoparietal junction, and ventral temporal cortex in an area dubbed gestalt cortex. The link between subjective construals and gestalt cortex is further strengthened by evidence showing that when people have similar subjective construals (i.e., they see things similarly) they show greater neural synchrony (i.e., correlated neural fluctuations over time) with each other in gestalt cortex. The fact that the act of CEEing tends to inhibit alternative construals is discussed as one of the multiple reasons why we fail to appreciate the idiosyncratic nature of our prereflective construals, leading to naïve realism and other conflict-inducing outcomes.

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“…Perhaps the most relevant psychological process is logical reasoning and here there are several different meta-analyses examining different types or sub-types of reasoning. Whether it is reasoning in general (Wendelken, 2015), deductive reasoning (Wang, 2020;Prado, 2011;Wertheim, 2018), inductive reasoning (Wertheim, 2018), analogical reasoning (Hobeika, 2016), syllogistic reasoning (Wertheim, 2020), or conditional reasoning (Wertheim, 2020), activations in SPL, IPS, as well as IPL in gestalt cortex are common.…”

Section: Proposition 1: Ceeing Occurs In Gestalt Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing Minds, Matter, and Meaning: The CEEing Model of Pre-Reflective Subjective Construal

Lieberman¹

2021

Preprint

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Although subjective construal (i.e. our personal understanding of situations and the people and objects within them) has been an enduring topic in social psychology, its underlying mechanisms have never been fully explored. This review presents a model of subjective construals as a kind of seeing (i.e. pre-reflective processes associated with effortless meaning making). Three distinct forms of ‘seeing’ (visual, semantic, and psychological) are discussed to highlight the breadth of these construals. The CEEing Model characterizes these distinct domains of pre-reflective construals as all being Coherent Effortless Experiences. Neural evidence is then reviewed suggesting that a variety of processes that possess the core CEEing characteristics across visual, semantic, and psychological domains can be localized to lateral posterior parietal cortex, lateral posterior temporal cortex, and ventral temporal cortex in an area dubbed gestalt cortex. The link between subjective construals and gestalt cortex is further strengthened by evidence showing that when people have similar subjective construals (i.e. they see things similarly) they show greater neural synchrony (i.e. correlated neural fluctuations over time) with each other in gestalt cortex. The fact that the act of CEEing tends to inhibit alternative construals is discussed as one of multiple reasons for why we fail to appreciate the idiosyncratic nature of our pre-reflective construals, leading to naïve realism and other conflict-inducing outcomes.

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Deductive‐reasoning brain networks: A coordinate‐based meta‐analysis of the neural signatures in deductive reasoning

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 15 publications

References 108 publications

Electrical Analysis of Logical Proof: an Exploratory Eeg Study of Logically Valid/invalid Inference

Electrical Analysis of Logical Proof: an Exploratory Eeg Study of Logically Valid/invalid Inference

Seeing minds, matter, and meaning: The CEEing model of pre-reflective subjective construal.

Seeing Minds, Matter, and Meaning: The CEEing Model of Pre-Reflective Subjective Construal

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