Deduced Amino Acid Sequence of the Fusion Glycoprotein of Turkey Rhinotracheitis Virus has Greater Identity with that of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, a Pneumovirus, than that of Paramyxoviruses and Morbilliviruses

Abstract

The sequence of the fusion (F) glycoprotein of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (TRTV) has been deduced from cDNA clones derived from oligo(dT)-selected infected cell RNA. The protein consists of 538 amino acids, the F2 and F1 subunits containing 102 (including the F2-F1 connecting peptide RRRR) and 436 residues, respectively. Each subunit has one potential N-linked glycosylation site. The protein has 38 to 39% amino acid identity with the F protein of respiratory syncytial virus (Pneumovirus genus) but only about half that with members of the other two genera (Paramyxovirus and Morbillivirus) in the Paramyxoviridae family. This is the first sequence evidence to support the view that TRTV is a pneumovirus, the first avian member of the genus to be described.

Sequence and in vitro expression of the M2 gene of turkey rhinotracheitis pneumovirus

“…matrix (M) proteins of TRTV (Yu et al, 1991(Yu et al, , 1992 mostly closely resemble the analogous proteins of human respiratory syncytial (RS) virus, the pneumovirus that has been studied in greatest detail (for a review, see Collins, 1991). Interestingly, however, we have found a difference in gene order between TRTV and the mammalian pneumoviruses, which also include bovine RS virus and pneumonia virus of mice (PVM; Chambers et al, 1990).…”

“…The TRTV strain used was UK/3BV/85 and this was propagated in Vero cells (Yu et al, 1991). The coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was also propagated in Vero cells.…”

“…RNA was extracted from infected Veto cells as previously described (Yu et al, 1991(Yu et al, , 1992. Virions were prepared by centrifugation of clarified cell culture medium at 35 000 g for 90 min in a Sorvall TFA-20.250 angle rotor and the RNA was extracted as for cells, using guanidinium isothiocyanate.…”

Sequence analysis of the gene encoding the fusion glycoprotein of pneumonia virus of mice suggests possible conserved secondary structure elements in paramyxovirus fusion glycoproteins

“…Consensus predictions were obtained simply by averaging the scores of the individual sequences of the F proteins of the pneumoviruses PVM, HRSV (Collins et al, 1984) and TRTV (Yu et al, 1991), and the paramyxoviruses NDV (Chambers et al, 1986), Sendal virus (Shioda et aL, 1986) and simian virus 5 (SV5) (Paterson et al, 1984), which closely resemble each other (not shown) and the average predictions. Only the extracellular parts of the F protein were considered, and positions where gaps in the alignment (taken from Fig.…”

Detection and differentiation of avian pneumoviruses (metapneumoviruses)

“…The first APV gene to be cloned and sequenced was that of the fusion (F) protein gene of a subtype A virus (Yu et al, 1991), since when all the other genes of a subtype A virus have been sequenced (Ling et al, 1992;Yu et al, 1992a,b;Ling et al, 1995;Li et al, 1996;Randhawa et al, 1996bRandhawa et al, , 1997. Fewer genes of subtype B virus have been sequenced: G protein (Juhasz & Easton, 1994), M protein (Randhawa et al, 1996a) and N protein (Li et al, 1996).…”