Dedicated Clock/Timing-Circuit Theories of Time Perception and Timed Performance

Rijn, Hedderik van; Gu, Bon-Mi; Meck, Warren H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1782-2_5

Cited by 105 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(247 reference statements)

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“…In the striatal beat frequency (SBF) model of interval timing (e.g., Allman & Meck, 2012;Coull et al, 2011;Hashimoto & Yotsumoto, 2015;Matell & Meck, 2000Muller & Nobre, 2014;Murai et al, 2016;Van Rijn et al, 2014) duration estimation is based upon the coincidence detection of oscillatory processes in cortico-striatal circuits. The SBF model supposes that: at the onset of a 'to be timed' signal, populations of cortical (and thalamic) neurons phase reset (and synchronize) and begin oscillating at their endogenous periodicities.…”

Section: Striatal Beat Frequency Model and Dopamine Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clock Speed as a Window into Dopaminergic Control of Emotion and Time Perception

Cheng

Tipples

Narayanan

et al. 2016

Timing Time Percept

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Although fear-producing treatments (e.g., electric shock) and pleasure-inducing treatments (e.g., methamphetamine) have different emotional valences, they both produce physiological arousal and lead to effects on timing and time perception that have been interpreted as reflecting an increase in speed of an internal clock. In this commentary, we review the results reported by Fayolle et al. (2015): Behav. Process., 120, 135-140) and Meck (1983: J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process., 9, 171-201) using electric shock and by Maricq et al. (1981: J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process., 7, 18-30) using methamphetamine in a duration-bisection procedure across multiple duration ranges. The psychometric functions obtained from this procedure relate the proportion 'long' responses to signal durations spaced between a pair of 'short' and 'long' anchor durations. Horizontal shifts in these functions can be described in terms of attention or arousal processes depending upon whether they are a fixed number of seconds independent of the timed durations (additive) or proportional to the durations being timed (multiplicative). Multiplicative effects are thought to result from a change in clock speed that is regulated by dopamine activity in the medial prefrontal cortex. These dopaminergic effects are discussed within the context of the striatal beat frequency model of interval timing (Matell & Meck, 2004: Cogn. Brain Res., 21, 139-170) and clinical implications for the effects of emotional reactivity on temporal cognition (Parker et al., 2013: Front. Integr. Neurosci., 7, 75).

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Section: Striatal Beat Frequency Model and Dopamine Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clock Speed as a Window into Dopaminergic Control of Emotion and Time Perception

Cheng

Tipples

Narayanan

et al. 2016

Timing Time Percept

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“…For example, influential studies by Elbert et al (1991) and Gibbons and Rammsayer (2004) showed that slow cortical potentials measured during supra-second durations can be used to track processes involved in both perception and reproduction of temporal intervals. As the development of the CNV during a trial aligns with the conceptual construct of the accumulation of time (see Van Rijn et al, 2014, for a review of theories based on this conceptualization) or, more general, the notion of climbing neuronal activity (CNA), many interval timing studies have focused on the role of the CNV in interval timing tasks (e.g., Macar and Vidal, 2009, but see Van Rijn et al (2011), for arguments against this connection).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuroelectromagnetic signatures of the reproduction of supra-second durations

2015

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When participants are asked to reproduce an earlier presented duration, EEG recordings typically show a slow potential that develops over the fronto-central regions of the brain and is assumed to be generated in the supplementary motor area (SMA). This contingent negative variation (CNV) has been linked to anticipation, preparation and formation of temporal judgment (Macar, Vidal, and Casini, 1999, Experimental Brain Research, 125(3), 271-80). Although the interpretation of the CNV amplitude is problematic (Kononowicz and Van Rijn, (2011), Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 5(48); Ng, Tobin, and Penney, 2011, Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 5(77)), the observation of this slow potential is extremely robust, and thus one could assume that magnetic recordings of brain activity should show similar activity patterns. However, interval timing studies using durations shorter than one second did not provide unequivocal evidence as to whether CNV has a magnetic counterpart (CMV). As interval timing has been typically associated with durations longer than one second, participants in this study were presented intervals of 2, 3 or 4s that had to be reproduced in setup similar to the seminal work of Elbert et al. (1991, Psychophysiology, 28(6), 648-55) while co-recording EEG and MEG. The EEG data showed a clear CNV during the standard and the reproduction interval. In the reproduction interval the CNV steadily builds up from the onset of interval for both stimulus and response locked data. The MEG data did not show a CNV-resembling ramping of activity, but only showed a pre-movement magnetic field (preMMF) that originated from the SMA, occurring approximately 0.6s before the termination of the timed interval. These findings support the notion that signatures of timing are more straightforwardly measured using EEG, and show that the measured MEG signal from the SMA is constrained to the end of reproduction interval, before the voluntary movement. Moreover, we investigated a link between timing behavior and the early iCNV and late CNV amplitudes to evaluate the hypothesis that these amplitudes reflect the accumulation of temporal pulses. Larger iCNV amplitudes predicted shorter reproduced durations. This effect was more pronounced for the 2s interval reproduction, suggesting that preparatory strategies depend on the length of reproduced interval. Similarly to Elbert et al. (1991, Psychophysiology, 28(6), 648-55), longer reproductions were associated with smaller CNV amplitudes, both between conditions and across participants within the same condition. As the temporal accumulation hypothesis predicts the inverse, these results support the proposal by Van Rijn et al. (2011, Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 5) that the CNV reflects other temporally driven processes such as temporal expectation and preparation rather than temporal accumulation itself.

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“…In particular, considerable attention has been directed to cortical-striatal pathways that are essential in maintaining timing abilities in the range of hundreds of milliseconds to multi-seconds [12][13][14][15][16]. Interestingly, although neglected by many of the current models of interval timing [17], the hippocampus has long been considered a site of spatial-temporal interaction, which provides a basis for generation, maintenance and retrieval of episodic memories [18,19]. Since the initial evaluation of the effects of post-training fimbria-fornix lesions on timing and temporal memory [20], studies investigating the role of the hippocampus in the temporal control of behaviour have generated consistent, though not always conclusive, results [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of interval timing behaviour in mice following dorsal or ventral hippocampal lesions with mice having δ -opioid receptor gene deletion

Yin

Meck

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Mice with cytotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) underestimated 15 s and 45 s target durations in a bi-peak procedure as evidenced by proportional leftward shifts of the peak functions that emerged during training as a result of decreases in both ‘start’ and ‘stop’ times. In contrast, mice with lesions of the ventral hippocampus (VH) displayed rightward shifts that were immediately present and were largely limited to increases in the ‘stop’ time for the 45 s target duration. Moreover, the effects of the DH lesions were congruent with the scalar property of interval timing in that the 15 s and 45 s functions superimposed when plotted on a relative timescale, whereas the effects of the VH lesions violated the scalar property. Mice with DH lesions also showed enhanced reversal learning in comparison to control and VH lesioned mice. These results are compared with the timing distortions observed in mice lacking δ -opioid receptors (Oprd1 −/− ) which were similar to mice with DH lesions. Taken together, these results suggest a balance between hippocampal–striatal interactions for interval timing and demonstrate possible functional dissociations along the septotemporal axis of the hippocampus in terms of motivation, timed response thresholds and encoding in temporal memory.

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Dedicated Clock/Timing-Circuit Theories of Time Perception and Timed Performance

Cited by 105 publications

References 158 publications

Clock Speed as a Window into Dopaminergic Control of Emotion and Time Perception

Clock Speed as a Window into Dopaminergic Control of Emotion and Time Perception

Neuroelectromagnetic signatures of the reproduction of supra-second durations

Comparison of interval timing behaviour in mice following dorsal or ventral hippocampal lesions with mice having δ -opioid receptor gene deletion

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