Decreasing the Adverse Effects in Pelvic Radiation Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Use of Probiotics

Ahrén, Irini Lazou; Bjurberg, Maria; Steineck, Gunnar; Bergmark, Karin; Jeppsson, Bengt

doi:10.1016/j.adro.2022.101089

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…In fact, in probiotic interventions investigated during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), most adverse effects reported are not different from those secondary to CRT, and probiotic supplementation may confer some protection, particularly from the development of diarrhea. Some possible mechanisms include that beneficial bacteria and their metabolites induce mucus production within the intestinal wall and restore the vascular and connective tissues damaged by RT ( 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer: Mexican consensus and recommendations

Gutiérrez Salmeán,

Delgadillo González,

Rueda Escalona

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses, including effector response to infection and surveillance of tumors. This article summarizes the current scientific evidence on the effects of supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, precancerous lesions, and various stages of cervical cancer development and treatment while also examining the underlying molecular pathways involved. Our findings indicate that a higher dietary fiber intake is associated with a reduced risk of HPV infection, while certain probiotics have shown promising results in clearing HPV-related lesions. Additionally, certain strains of probiotics, prebiotics such as inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides, and synbiotics decrease the frequency of gastrointestinal adverse effects in cervical cancer patients. These agents attain their results by modulating crucial metabolic pathways, including the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and suppressing the activity of oncogenes, thus attenuating tumorigenesis. We conclude that although further human studies are necessary, robust evidence in preclinical models demonstrates that prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics play an essential role in cervical cancer, from infection to carcinogenesis and its medical treatment. Consequently, we strongly recommend conducting high-quality clinical trials using these agents as adjuvants since they have proven safe.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer: Mexican consensus and recommendations

Gutiérrez Salmeán,

Delgadillo González,

Rueda Escalona

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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“…The reason was that 5 had fewer specific subjects (non-specific cancer types and cancer therapy types including radiotherapy and chemotherapy) and the 4 were RCT studies included in one of the SR/MA articles to be selected. Additionally, 2 selected studies, namely the report conducted by Qiu et al [4] and Ahren et al [5] were subjected to further critical review. The process of searching and selecting articles, from screening titles and abstracts to obtaining relevant articles, is summarized in Figure 1 Critical study results…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probiotics are living microorganisms that have beneficial effects when consumed in adequate amounts [5]. They effectively prevent the incidence of RID in cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy [2,[6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Administration of Probiotics to Prevent Diarrhea in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy: A Literature Review

Wulandari,

Basalamah,

Andayani

2023

Indonesian Journal of Cancer

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Background: Cervical cancer is the 4th most prevalent among women worldwide and ranks as the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death. During radiotherapy for this disease, about 80% of patients experience diarrhea or radiation-induced diarrhea (RID) which can significantly compromise quality of life and disrupt the continuity of the therapy when left untreated. Furthermore, it was reported that probiotics exhibit promising efficacy in preventing the incidence of RID, but the conclusive nature of this investigation remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing the incidence of diarrhea in cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on 4 large databases, namely Pubmed, PMC, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, adhering to the eligibility criteria. Results: Following the application of the stipulated eligibility criteria, 2 articles were obtained, namely Systematic Reviews/Metaanalysis (SR/MA) and Randomized Control Trial (RCT). The risk ratio of diarrhea incidence in cervical cancer patients who were administered probiotics while receiving radiotherapy was 0.61 (CI 95% 0.46-0.81, p=0.0007). The therapeutic effect was most pronounced when Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterial strains, were given 3 times daily. Conclusions: The administration of probiotics proved to be a valuable strategy in preventing the incidence of diarrhea in cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy

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“…The next frontier in microbiome science is to develop therapeutic approaches to modulate the microbiome to improve response to cancer treatment in OC patients. Potential strategies include dietary modifications, exercise, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and probiotic supplementation [60,68,84,[86][87][88][89][90] . Studies in nongynecologic cancers have demonstrated promising early responses to FMT in immunotherapy patients.…”

Section: Modulation Of the Microbiome In Ovarian Cancer And Future Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FMT overcame the immunotherapy resistance in certain patients, with clinical responses restored in 30%, with one complete response. Therefore, it is plausible that these approaches may yield similar benefits in women with OC, and further study is necessary [89,91] .…”

Section: Modulation Of the Microbiome In Ovarian Cancer And Future Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome and ovarian cancer: insights, implications, and therapeutic opportunities

Mehra,

Chalif,

Mensah-Bonsu

et al. 2023

J Cancer Metastasis Treat

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Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecologic cancer death in the United States. Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, which poses a challenge for early detection and effective treatment. At present, cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy are foundational for patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, but unfortunately, most patients will recur and die of their disease. Therefore, there is a significant need to seek innovative, novel approaches for early detection and to overcome chemoresistance for ovarian cancer patients. The microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various body sites, is vital in maintaining human health. Changes to the diversity and composition of the microbial communities impact the microbiota-host relationship and are linked to diseases, including cancer. The microbiome contributes to carcinogenesis through various mechanisms, including altered host immune response, modulation of DNA repair, upregulation of pro-inflammatory pathways, altered gene expression, and dysregulated estrogen metabolism. Translational and clinical studies have demonstrated that specific microbes contribute to ovarian cancer development and impact chemotherapy’s efficacy. The microbiome is malleable and can be altered through different approaches, including diet, exercise, medications, and fecal microbiota transplantation. This review provides an overview of the current literature regarding ovarian cancer and the microbiome of female reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts, focusing on mechanisms of carcinogenesis and options for modulating the microbiota for cancer prevention and treatment. Advancing our understanding of the complex relationship between the microbiome and ovarian cancer may provide a novel approach for prevention and therapeutic modulation in the future.

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Decreasing the Adverse Effects in Pelvic Radiation Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Use of Probiotics

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer: Mexican consensus and recommendations

Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer: Mexican consensus and recommendations

The Administration of Probiotics to Prevent Diarrhea in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy: A Literature Review

The microbiome and ovarian cancer: insights, implications, and therapeutic opportunities

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