Decreasing prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among school-aged children in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kunwar, Ritu; Acharya, Lokendra; Karki, Surendra

doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw033

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This nding could re ect that educated mothers had better knowledge about IPI prevention and potentially better economic status enabling them to embrace the entire prevention process. Additionally, in the current study, rural residents were 87% more likely to be infected by intestinal parasites, which is similar to ndings from studies in Zambia and Nepal (73,74). This situation may arise because be rural community dwellers had lower awareness and more frequent contact with soil as well limited access to safe water and latrine.…”

Section: Abbreviationssupporting

confidence: 86%

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Associated Factors Among Primary School Students in Ethiopia; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Assemie

Petrucka²,

Shitu

et al. 2020

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Background: Intestinal parasitic infection (IPI) remains a major public health concern affecting both children and adolescents in Ethiopia. However, little attention has been given to intestinal parasitic infection within primary school children. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was done to determine pooled prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infection in this target group.Method: We systematically retrieved available articles on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in primary school children in Ethiopia. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Science Direct between September 1 and December 27, 2019. Two authors independently extracted all relevant data using a standardized Microsoft™ Excel data extraction form. Heterogeneity among included studies was assessed with the Higgins I2 tests. The pooled estimates and associated factors of primary school children’s intestinal parasitic infection were assessed with a random-effects model using Stata/se Version 14.Result: We have retrieved 30 eligible articles with pooled sample size of 14,445 primary school children with response rate of 97.8%. Entamoeba spp (16.11%), Ascaris lumbricoides (13.98%), Hookworm (12.51%) and Giardia lamblia (9.98%) were among the top four causes of intestinal parasitic infection among primary school children. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was found to be 46.09 (95% CI: 38.50, 53.68). Heterogeneity was assessed by doing subgroup analysis by study province/region, with the highest prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection being 66.6 % (95% CI: 55.5, 77.7) in Tigray region, followed by Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region at 50.8% (95% CI: 33.1, 68.5). Latrine availability (OR=4.39: 2.50,7.73), fingernail hygiene (OR= 2.37: 1.67, 3.35), place of defecation (OR=1.67:1.64,4.36), maternal education (OR=2.02: 1.18,3.47), residence (OR= 1.88: 1.46, 2.41), habit of wearing shoes (OR= 2.66: 1.79, 3.96), source of drinking water (OR=1.99: 1.42,2.76), hands washing practices (OR= 3.45:1.85,6.47), and habit of washing fruits and vegetables (OR=1.59:1.01,2.49) were found to be significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infection. Conclusions: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was high (46%) in the study population. Therefore, this finding warrants the need to design school children hygiene and sanitation service and expand school children deworming programs to decrease intestinal parasitic infections and improve academic performance in the country. In addition, attention should be given to promoting personal hygiene, latrine utilization, wearing shoes, avoiding eating raw food, and creating awareness for those mothers who lack formal education. Moreover, the researchers try to conduct research on province/regions which have no prior research.

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Section: Abbreviationssupporting

confidence: 86%

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Associated Factors Among Primary School Students in Ethiopia; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Assemie

Petrucka²,

Shitu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The meta-regression of prevalence of IPIs over time showedsignificant decreasing trends in each 6years block by 17% (95% CI: 2.5% to 32%) and this declined prevalence was probably due to socioeconomic development, improvement in sanitation and large-scale deworming programs. Many studies from around the world have reported a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of overall IPIs in recent years ,such as the global burden of disease study [5], study from Burkina Faso [119], Nepal [120], Brazil [121] and other from 43 Sub-Saharan [122]. The prevalence of IPIs in school age children was (52%), which was significantly higher than in preschool age children (30%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Epidemiology of intestinal parasitic infections in preschool and school-aged Ethiopian children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Chelkeba¹,

Mekonnen

Alemu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background : Numerous studies have been carried out on assessing the prevalence of intestinal parasites infections (IPIs) among preschool and school age children in Ethiopia, however, there was no study to gather and systematically analyze this information for policy makers. Methods : We searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science (ISI), and Google Scholar and local peer-reviewed journals published from inception to 2019 for studies describing prevalence of IPIs among preschool and school age children. We conducted meta-regression to understand the trend and the source of heterogeneity and pooled the prevalence using ‘metaprop’ command using STATA software (Intercooled, version 14, STATA Corp, College Station, TX). Results : Eighty three (83) studies examining 56,786 fecal specimens were included. The prevalence of IPIs was 48 %( 95%CI: 42% to 53%) and showed a gradual, but significantly decreasing trends 17% (95% CI: 2.5% to 32%) for each consecutive 6 years) and was similar in males and females. The pooled prevalence in years 1997–2002, 2003–2008, 2009–2014 and >2014 was 71% (95% CI: 57% to 86%), 42% (95% CI: 27% to 56%), 48% (95% CI: 40% to 56%) and 42% (95% CI: 34% to 49%), respectively. Poly-parasitism was observed in 16% (95% CI: 13% to 19 %,) of children while, single parasite infection was observed in 36 %( 95% CI: 30% to 41%). Conclusion: IPIs are highly prevalent and well distributed across the regional states of Ethiopia. Southern and Amhara regional states carry the highest burden. We observed a gradual, but significant decreasing trends in prevalence of IPIs among Ethiopian children over the last two decades.

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“…The meta-regression of prevalence of IPIs over time showedsignificant decreasing trends in each 6-years block by 17% (95% CI: 2.5 to 32%) and this declined prevalence was probably due to socioeconomic development, improvement in sanitation and large-scale deworming programs. Many studies from around the world have reported a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of overall IPIs in recent years,such as the global burden of disease study [5], study from Burkina Faso [116], Nepal [117], Brazil [118] and other from 43 Sub-Saharan [119]. Despite many initiatives and efforts to introduce mass deworming program and improvement in water quality and sanitation, IPIs are still prevalentand the decrease in trend is less than that of other countries (Ethiopia 42% in 2016-2019 vs. Nepal 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of intestinal parasitic infections in preschool and school-aged Ethiopian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: Numerous studies have been carried out on assessing the prevalence of intestinal parasites infections (IPIs) amongpreschool and school-age children in Ethiopia, but there is lack of study systematically gathered and analyzedinformation for policymakers. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide a summary on prevalence, geographical distribution and trends of IPIs among preschool and school-age childrenin Ethiopia. Methods: The search were carried out in Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 1996to July2019 for studies describing prevalence of IPIs among preschooland school-age children. We conducted meta-regression to understand the trends and the source of heterogeneity and pooled the prevalence using 'metaprop' command using STATA software version 14. Results: Eighty-three(83) studies examining 56,786 fecal specimens were included. The prevalence of IPIs was 48%(95%CI: 42 to 53%) and showedsignificantly decreasing trends 17% (95% CI: 2.5 to 32%) for each consecutive 6 years) and was similar in males and females. The pooled prevalence in years 1997-2002, 2003-2008, 2009-2014 and > 2014 was 71% (95% CI: 57 to 86%), 42% (95% CI: 27 to 56%), 48% (95% CI: 40 to 56%) and 42% (95% CI: 34 to 49%), respectively. Poly-parasitism was observed in 16% (95% CI: 13 to 19%,) of the cases. Conclusion: Intestinal parasite infections are highly prevalent among preschool and school-age children and well distributed across the regional states of Ethiopia. Southern and Amhara regional states carry the highest burden. We observed significant decreasing trends in prevalence of IPIs among preschool and school-ageEthiopian children over the last two decades. Therefore, this study is important to locate the geographical distribution and identified high risk areas that should be prioritized further interventions, which complement global efforts towards elimination of IPIs infections by 2020.

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Decreasing prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among school-aged children in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract: We observed a significantly decreasing trend in prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among school-aged children in Nepal over the last two decades.

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Associated Factors Among Primary School Students in Ethiopia; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Associated Factors Among Primary School Students in Ethiopia; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Epidemiology of intestinal parasitic infections in preschool and school-aged Ethiopian children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology of intestinal parasitic infections in preschool and school-aged Ethiopian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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