Decreasing Microbial Contamination in Culture Water of Siamese Fighting Fish (<i>Betta splendens</i>) Using Cinnamon Extract

Abstract

Raising fish in ponds for an extended period can have an impact on the accumulation of bacteria that can affect the health of the fish. Using plant extracts is an interesting option to consider for reducing bacterial contamination in ponds. This study investigated the effectiveness of cinnamon extract in reducing bacterial contamination in the water used for raising Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens). Optimal concentrations of cinnamon extract were determined for microbial reduction in the water used for the cultivation of these fish. Test the ability to resist infection at the concentrations of cinnamon