Decreases in Crop Production by Non-native Weeds, Pests, and Pathogens

Fried, Guillaume; Chauvel, Bruno; Reynaud, Philippe; Sache, Ivan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_6

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…White rust established in most western European countries (Zadoks 1967;EPPO/CABI 1997;Fried et al 2017). Given the increasing international importance of Chrysanthemum and the decreasing availability of registered fungicides in some regions, breeding programs to sort resistance to a relevant set of pathotypes is becoming more important (De Backer et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Puccinia spp. spores in Madeira Island and their phytopathological importance

et al. 2017

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The genus Puccinia represents rust infections, which are responsible for great productivity losses in crops of commercial and ornamental plants worldwide. This work is aimed at determining the occurrence of Puccinia spp. spores in Madeira Island in order to infer the exposure risks from a phytopathological point of view. A phytopathological analysis was performed in 203 local plant samples between January 2003 and December 2012. During the same period the airborne concentrations of rust spores were monitored following well-established guidelines. Aerobiological data was compared with meteorological records. Based on macro and microscopic analyses, five species of rusts were identified: P. horiana, P. buxi, P. porri, P. pelargonii-zonalis, and P. sorghi, and they were found mostly in spring and summer. A total of 20 samples out of 203 analysed plants (9.8%), were infected with Puccinia spores, i.e., P. horiana (5.9%), P. buxi (1.47%), P. porri and P. pelargonii-zonalis (0.98%), and P. sorghi (0.5%). During the studied period Puccinia spores attained an annual average concentration of 126 spores m −3 and most of them were recorded between March and October. Meteorological factors were determinant in fluctuations in spore concentration. Relative humidity was the parameter that favoured the biggest release and dispersal of the rust spores, whereas rainfall revealed a significant negative effect. Rusts do not represent an important plant pathogen in Madeira Island, as shown by the low infection frequencies and levels of airborne spore concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Puccinia spp. spores in Madeira Island and their phytopathological importance

et al. 2017

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“…e.g. Follak, Schleicher, Schwarz & Essl 2017;Fried, Chauvel, Reynaud & Sache 2017;Holzner & Glauninger 2005).…”

Section: Crop Weeds Vs Invasive Alien Plantsunclassified

Cross-fertilizing weed science and plant invasion science to improve efficient management: A European challenge

Müller‐Schärer

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Chauvel

et al. 2018

Basic and Applied Ecology

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Both weed science and plant invasion science deal with noxious plants. Yet, they have historically developed as two distinct research areas in Europe, with different target species, approaches and management aims, as well as with diverging institutions and researchers involved. We argue that the strengths of these two disciplines can be highly complementary in implementing management strategies and outline how synergies were created in an international, multidisciplinary project to develop efficient and sustainable management of common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Because this species has severe impacts on human health and is also a crop weed in large parts of Europe, common ragweed is one of the economically most important plant invaders in Europe. Our multidisciplinary approach combining expertise from weed science and plant invasion science allowed us (i) to develop a comprehensive plant demographic model to evaluate and compare management tools, such as optimal cutting regimes and biological control for different regions and habitat types, and (ii) to assess benefits and risks of biological control. It further (iii) showed ways to reconcile different stakeholder interests and management objectives (health versus crop yield), and (iv) led to an economic model to assess invader impact across actors and domains, and effectiveness of control measures. (v) It also led to design and implement management strategies in collaboration with the various stakeholder groups affected by noxious weeds, created training opportunities for early stage researchers in the sustainable management of noxious plants, and

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“…However, in agriculture, its use is not common, the traditional, is genetic improvement where plant varieties have been domesticated based on fruit quality and yield, but this has resulted in reduced resistance to pathogens compared with wild varieties, so most crops are susceptible to numerous diseases [ 10 ]. In this sense, diseases continue to be responsible for considerable losses in crop production around the world [ 11 ], which is traditionally controlled by the use of chemical pesticides that today have been rejected by society for the damage it generates in crops, the environment and even to the health of farmers and consumers, thus generating a need for agriculture that seeks sustainable and environmentally friendly practices [ 10 , 12 ]. Therefore, a regulation has been generated in Europe, the (EC) 1107/209, complemented by directive 2009/128/EC, which forces members of the state to generate policies that contemplate plans based on an integrated management of the disease with less dependence on chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligosaccharides: Defense Inducers, Their Recognition in Plants, Commercial Uses and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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Plants have innate immune systems or defense mechanisms that respond to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike mammals, they lack mobile defense cells, so defense processes depend on autonomous cellular events with a broad repertoire of recognition to detect pathogens, which compensates for the lack of an adaptive immune system. These defense mechanisms remain inactive or latent until they are activated after exposure or contact with inducing agents, or after the application of the inductor; they remain inactive only until they are affected by a pathogen or challenged by an elicitor from the same. Resistance induction represents a focus of interest, as it promotes the activation of plant defense mechanisms, reducing the use of chemical synthesis pesticides, an alternative that has even led to the generation of new commercial products with high efficiency, stability and lower environmental impact, which increase productivity by reducing not only losses but also increasing plant growth. Considering the above, the objective of this review is to address the issue of resistance induction with a focus on the potential of the use of oligosaccharides in agriculture, how they are recognized by plants, how they can be used for commercial products and perspectives.

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Decreases in Crop Production by Non-native Weeds, Pests, and Pathogens

Cited by 50 publications

References 24 publications

Occurrence of Puccinia spp. spores in Madeira Island and their phytopathological importance

Occurrence of Puccinia spp. spores in Madeira Island and their phytopathological importance

Cross-fertilizing weed science and plant invasion science to improve efficient management: A European challenge

Oligosaccharides: Defense Inducers, Their Recognition in Plants, Commercial Uses and Perspectives

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