Decreased stratum corneum cerarnides in atopic individuals—a pathobiochemical factor in xerosis?

Melnik, Bodo C.; Hollmann, J.; Plewig, Gerd

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03262.x

Cited by 111 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This impairment of the skin barrier function in AE leads to increased antigen absorption contributing to the cutaneous hyperreactivity characteristic of AE. In particular, ceramides serve as the major water-retaining molecules in the extracellular space of the cornified envelope, and the barrier function of these complex structures is provided by a matrix of structural proteins that are bound to ceramides [42, 43]. …”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Ae-susceptible Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Much Atopy about the Skin: Genome-Wide Molecular Analysis of Atopic Eczema

Saito

2005

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Atopic eczema (AE) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with an increasing prevalence in industrialized countries. Methods: Genox Research Incorporation was founded in 1996 to identify new genes involved in allergic diseases in collaboration with the National Children’s Hospital in Tokyo. In the AE project, they have discovered several hundred new genes and partial DNA sequences by mainly using microarrays. Here, I review the results obtained using transcriptome analysis, performed by Genox and other investigators. Results:Transcriptome analysis using skin lesion, CD4+ T cells, monocytes and eosinophils derived from AE patients identified some differentially expressed genes which became biologically relevant in the following studies. Missing linkages between these genes have been found due to the recent development of genomics. Conclusion:Many AE-related genes found in the genome-wide studies still remain to be determined regarding their functions and to be systemically organized. After the comprehensive characterization of these genes by further studies, we will identify the precise molecular mechanisms involved in AE and other diseases.

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Section: Genetic Analysis Of Ae-susceptible Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Much Atopy about the Skin: Genome-Wide Molecular Analysis of Atopic Eczema

Saito

2005

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…However, such an SC dysfunction is also reported in the lesional skin of psoriasis vulgaris [6,7]. Several studies have shown that the fraction of ceramides relative to total SC lipids is diminished in patients with atopic eczema in lesional as well as nonlesional skin [8][9][10]. These changes have been related to sphingolipid decomposition [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of the Stratum corneum of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison with Psoriasis vulgaris

Kobayashi¹,

Tagami²

2003

Exog Dermatol

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Background: The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is known to have a defective barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC) that facilitates the induction of unique skin hypersensitivity to various environmental allergens and irritants. However, it has not been determined whether there are characteristics unique to AD, because an apparently similar dysfunction of the SC is also observable in other inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis. Objective: Our purpose was to analyze the SC functions of patients with AD in comparison with those with psoriasis, an endogenously induced immune-mediated dermatosis. Methods: We conducted functional analyses of the lesional and nonlesional skin of AD and psoriasis patients by using noninvasive biophysical methods. Results: When we classified their skin changes into several subtypes based on the clinical features, we found that a severity-dependent disruption in the barrier function as well as a decrease in the SC hydration occurred in both dermatoses and to a similar degree. The extent of their SC barrier damage on the skin of the trunk and limbs was almost comparable to that of normal facial skin of healthy individuals. We also found similarly small, immature corneocytes that are associated with epidermal hyperproliferation accompanied by poor differentiation in both dermatoses. Moreover, we found similar but much milder SC functional abnormalities in the nonlesional skin where the extent of the dysfunction was much closer to that of healthy skin than to that of lesional skin. Conclusion: From these data, we could not find any differences in the functional abnormalities of the SC of AD patients that would justify considering it to be a unique dermatosis at least in terms of barrier damage. Because the presence of smaller corneocytes reflects the active proliferation of the underlying epidermis, we think that the barrier impairment and deficient water-holding capacity of the SC develop as a result of the enhanced epidermal proliferation in both dermatoses that is caused by the underlying inflammation.

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“…3,4 Skin diseases can cause abnormalities in the formation of intercorneocyte lipids. In particular, there have been reports of decreased ceramides in the stratum corneum in skin diseases with a damaged skin barrier, such as atopic dermatitis, 5,6 psoriasis 7 and ichthyosis. 8 While the deterioration of skin barrier function has been suggested in SS, 1 there have been few studies on ceramides in SS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative study of stratum corneum ceramides contents in patients with sensitive skin

Cho

Chung

Lee

et al. 2011

The Journal of Dermatology

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People with sensitive skin (SS) are those who state their skin is more sensitive than that of average persons. The stratum corneum is responsible for maintaining skin barrier function. Ceramides, major constituents of stratum corneum lipids, have been shown to predominantly contribute to the role. It has been suggested that barrier function in SS is decreased. However, we could find very few reports about stratum corneum ceramides in SS. This study was done to find out differences in stratum corneum ceramides between SS and non-SS groups. Fifty individuals (20 with SS and 30 with non-SS) were recruited. Lactic acid sting test (LAST) was performed on the left cheek. On six sites including the right cheek, arm, thigh, leg, back and palm, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and erythema index (EI) were measured. On the above six sites, stratum corneum sheets were obtained by stripping with cyanoacrylate resin and stratum corneum lipids were extracted, then, analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. LAST scores were higher in the SS group, but not statistically significant. There were no differences in TEWL and EI values between the two groups. The mean value of the quantity of stratum corneum ceramides on the face was significantly lower in the SS group. On other sites, mean values were also lower in the SS group, but not statistically significant. The quantity of ceramides was significantly decreased in the face of the SS group compared to that of the non-SS group. These results suggest that the decrease in stratum corneum ceramides on facial skin could be related to SS development.

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Decreased stratum corneum cerarnides in atopic individuals—a pathobiochemical factor in xerosis?

Cited by 111 publications

References 19 publications

Much Atopy about the Skin: Genome-Wide Molecular Analysis of Atopic Eczema

Much Atopy about the Skin: Genome-Wide Molecular Analysis of Atopic Eczema

Functional Analysis of the Stratum corneum of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison with Psoriasis vulgaris

Quantitative study of stratum corneum ceramides contents in patients with sensitive skin

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