Decreased regional homogeneity in schizophrenia: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Liu, Haihong; Liu, Zhening; Liang, Meng; Hao, Yihui; Tan, Lirong; Kuang, Fan; Yi, Yanhong; Xu, Lin; Jiang, Tianzi

doi:10.1097/01.wnr.0000195666.22714.35

Cited by 236 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ReHo is supposed to change in many psychiatric or neurological diseases. Abnormal ReHo has been observed in the resting state in ADHD [31,50] , schizophrenia [51] , Alzheimer's disease [52] , Parkinson's disease [36] , and major depressive disorder [53] . Particularly, increased ReHo has been found in the medial temporal lobe in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy [54] and in the thalamus in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures [55] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

et al. 2013

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Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most commonly used stimulants for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although several studies have evaluated the effects of MPH on human brain activation during specific cognitive tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), few studies have focused on spontaneous brain activity. In the current study, we investigated the effect of MPH on the intra-regional synchronization of spontaneous brain activity during the resting state in 18 normal adult males. A handedness questionnaire and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale were applied before medication, and a resting-state fMRI scan was obtained 1 h after medication (20 mg MPH or placebo, order counterbalanced between participants). We demonstrated that: (1) there were no significant differences in the performance of behavioral tasks between the MPH and placebo groups; (2) the left middle and superior temporal gyri had stronger MPHrelated regional homogeneity (ReHo); and (3) the left lingual gyrus had weaker MPH-related ReHo. Our findings showed that the ReHo in some brain areas changes with MPH compared to placebo in normal adults, even though there are no behavioral differences. This method can be applied to patients with mental illness who may be treated with MPH, and be used to compare the difference between patients taking MPH and normal participants, to help reveal the mechanism of how MPH works.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

et al. 2013

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“…Altered ReHo is thought to indicate abnormal neuronal activity in a local brain area [12] . We found that ReHo was heightened in clusters within the left inferior parietal lobule and right superior frontal gyrus in subjects with PTSD relative to controls, suggesting that PTSD is characterized by increased synchronous neuronal activity in these two loci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure was implemented with REST software. The method of computing the KCC value has been specified in previous studies [8,12] . The intracranial voxels were extracted to make a mask [26] .…”

Section: Reho Analysis Individual Reho Maps Were Generated By Calculamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kendall's coefficient of concordance (KCC) [9] is used to Recent studies using ReHo have identified disturbances in brain regions during the resting state in patients with depression [10,11] , schizophrenia [12,13] , obsessive-compulsive disorder [14] , autism [15,16] , Alzheimer's disease [17] , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [18] , and Parkinson's disease [19] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered regional homogeneity in post-traumatic stress disorder: a restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging study

et al. 2012

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Objective Little is known about the brain systems that contribute to vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Comparison of the resting-state patterns of intrinsic functional synchronization, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), between groups with and without PTSD following a traumatic event can help identify the neural mechanisms of the disorder and targets for intervention. Methods Fifty-four PTSD patients and 72 matched traumatized subjects who experienced the 2008 Sichuan earthquake were imaged with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI and analyzed using the measure of regional homogeneity (ReHo) during the resting state. Results PTSD patients presented enhanced ReHo in the left inferior parietal lobule and right superior frontal gyrus, and reduced ReHo in the right middle temporal gyrus and lingual gyrus, relative to traumatized individuals without PTSD. Conclusion Our findings showed that abnormal brain activity exists under resting conditions in PTSD patients who had been exposed to a major earthquake. Alterations in the local functional connectivity of cortical regions are likely to contribute to the neural mechanisms underlying PTSD.

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“…Thus, it appears that the brain alternates between activation of the default network when not engaged in a task and suppression of the default network when engaged in a task. Although there have been some studies of the default network in schizophrenia (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), it remains unknown as to whether or not patients with schizophrenia or first-degree relatives exhibit normal task-related suppression of the default network.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity of the default network in schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia

Whitfield-Gabrieli

Thermenos

Milanović

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We examined the status of the neural network mediating the default mode of brain function, which typically exhibits greater activation during rest than during task, in patients in the early phase of schizophrenia and in young first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia. During functional MRI, patients, relatives, and controls alternated between rest and performance of working memory (WM) tasks. As expected, controls exhibited task-related suppression of activation in the default network, including medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. Patients and relatives exhibited significantly reduced task-related suppression in MPFC, and these reductions remained after controlling for performance. Increased task-related MPFC suppression correlated with better WM performance in patients and relatives and with less psychopathology in all 3 groups. For WM task performance, patients and relatives had greater activation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) than controls. During rest and task, patients and relatives exhibited abnormally high functional connectivity within the default network. The magnitudes of default network connectivity during rest and task correlated with psychopathology in the patients. Further, during both rest and task, patients exhibited reduced anticorrelations between MPFC and DLPFC, a region that was hyperactivated by patients and relatives during WM performance. Among patients, the magnitude of MPFC task suppression negatively correlated with default connectivity, suggesting an association between the hyperactivation and hyperconnectivity in schizophrenia. Hyperactivation (reduced task-related suppression) of default regions and hyperconnectivity of the default network may contribute to disturbances of thought in schizophrenia and risk for the illness.

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Decreased regional homogeneity in schizophrenia: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Cited by 236 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

Altered regional homogeneity in post-traumatic stress disorder: a restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity of the default network in schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia

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