Decreased prevalence of sensitization to cats with high exposure to cat allergen

Čustović, Adnan; Hallam, Claire; Simpson, B.; Craven, Mark; Simpson, Angela; Woodcock, Ashley

doi:10.1067/mai.2001.118599

Cited by 140 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This hypothesis is supported by observational studies reporting a linear dose-response curve for allergic sensitization during childhood with exposure to dust mite and cockroach allergen (14 -18). However, other observational data has suggested an alternative phenomenon occurring with childhood exposure to cat allergen: a bellshaped dose response with maximal rates of specific IgE sensitization at moderate exposure and a modified nonallergic immune response at the highest dose exposures (2,3). Differences between the nature and dose of cat vs dust mite and cockroach Ag are likely important in these observations as discussed below in the penultimate paragraph.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Less is known about specific environmental factors leading to primary allergic sensitization in humans, i.e., the initial formation of Ag-specific IgE following Ag exposure. Although conventionally and intuitively increased allergen exposure is considered a risk factor for allergic sensitization in genetically predisposed individuals (1), recent epidemiological data suggest the development of allergen tolerance in young children with environmental exposure to high levels of cat allergen (2,3). Such tolerance is defined by the presence of Ag-specific IgG and IgG4 in the absence of Ag-specific IgE.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This induction of allergic tolerance rather than allergic sensitization to respiratory Ags has been well demonstrated in animal models (4 -8), but there is little direct experimental evidence to support induction of allergen tolerance by initial high-dose respiratory exposure as a means to prevent primary allergic sensitization in Ag-naive humans. We have established previously a novel model of human primary allergic nasal sensitization to a neoantigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) 3 (9). This human model uses the proallergic adjuvant effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) and reliably induces Agspecific nasal IgE production in human subjects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initial High-Dose Nasal Allergen Exposure Prevents Allergic Sensitization to a Neoantigen

Riedl

Landaw

Saxon

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

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Primary allergic sensitization—IgE formation after Ag exposure—is fundamental in the development of allergic respiratory disease. With the rising prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, improved understanding of the determining factors for allergic sensitization is needed. Human epidemiologic studies suggest high-dose allergen exposure may paradoxically protect against sensitization. Prospective human studies of allergen dose effect on primary allergic sensitization are lacking. We prospectively examined the effect of respiratory Ag dose exposure on the rate of primary allergic sensitization to a neoantigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, using a unique model of human nasal allergic sensitization. Atopic human subjects were exposed to 0.1-, 10-, 1,000-, or 100,000-μg doses of intranasal keyhole limpet hemocyanin in conjunction with adjuvant intranasal diesel exhaust particles. Ag-specific IgE, IgG, and IgG4 were measured in nasal lavage samples at the conclusion of the sensitization protocol. Allergic sensitization rates for the 0.1-, 10-, 1,000-, and 100,000-μg dose groups were 0, 100, 57, and 11%, respectively. All subjects produced Ag-specific IgG with the highest levels observed in the high-dose group. These results provide direct evidence that primary allergic sensitization may be prevented by initial high levels of respiratory Ag exposure through induction of a modified, nonallergic immune response. This Ag dose effect was capable of overcoming the well-established allergic adjuvant effects of diesel exhaust particle exposure. Whether this immune response represents durable allergic tolerance is not yet known. Studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of this non-IgE response may be useful in developing therapy to prevent allergic sensitization.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Initial High-Dose Nasal Allergen Exposure Prevents Allergic Sensitization to a Neoantigen

Riedl

Landaw

Saxon

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

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“…The cat allergen was probably carried into the hospitals on clothing. There are conflicting data regarding whether high levels are a risk factor or a protective factor for respiratory symptoms (35)(36)(37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2000-0255-2868, Benefis Healthcare, Great Falls, Montana.

2001

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“…Moreover, recent studies have revealed that exposure to intermediate amounts of cat allergen (such as that determined by indirect contact to cats) may be able to increase the risk of developing allergic sensitization to this allergen in comparison to exposure to very low or very high levels of Fel d 1 [15, 16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Hair: An Unexpected Source of Cat Allergen Exposure

Liccardi

Barber²,

Russo³

et al. 2005

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Cat allergens are ubiquitous because the clothing of cat owners constitutes an important source of distribution of Fel d 1 in cat-free environments. Since Fel d 1 can adhere to a variety of surfaces, we sought to verify if human hair belonging to individuals with or without a cat at home might represent a reservoir and be a possible carrier of cat allergens. Methods: Seventy-three women (25 with a non-neutered male cat and 25 with a dog at home, and 23 controls without any direct contact with these animals) were recruited. The collection of material from hair was carried out using a modified version of a battery-powdered portable sampler. Particulate material was harvested onto glass fiber filters (25 mm in diameter, with a pore size of 2 µm; AP 20 Millipore, Milan Italy), extracted in phosphate buffer with BSA and then assayed for the evaluation of cat allergen using an ELISA based on anti-Fel d 1 monoclonal antibody. Results: Detectable levels of cat allergen were found in 2 controls, in 2 women with a dog at home and in 13 women with a cat at home, respectively. Conclusions: In some women with a cat at home, hair constitutes a significant reservoir of Fel d 1. It is likely that these amounts of cat allergen might contribute to allergic sensitization when released in cat-free environments.

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Decreased prevalence of sensitization to cats with high exposure to cat allergen

Cited by 140 publications

References 10 publications

Initial High-Dose Nasal Allergen Exposure Prevents Allergic Sensitization to a Neoantigen

Initial High-Dose Nasal Allergen Exposure Prevents Allergic Sensitization to a Neoantigen

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2000-0255-2868, Benefis Healthcare, Great Falls, Montana.

Human Hair: An Unexpected Source of Cat Allergen Exposure

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