Decreased Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Black Obese Children

Louthan, M. V.; Theriot, J. A.; Zimmerman, Ellen; Stutts, John T.; McClain, Craig J.

doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000177314.65824.4d

Cited by 71 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Previous research has shown a decreased prevalence of NAFLD in black obese children. [33] Presence of the MS was associated with an increase in fatty liver on US, as well as in increase in ALT and GGT. The majority of the NAFLD literature reports elevated ALT as more highly associated with NAFLD than GGT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Adolescents Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Love-Osborne

Nadeau²,

Sheeder

et al. 2008

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose-To evaluate whether the presence of MS in obese adolescents is associated with other co-morbidities of obesity Methods-85 obese teens with fasting insulin > 25 uU/ml and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or acanthosis nigricans. Mean age 15.8 ± 1.7 years; body mass index 39.3 ± 6.6 kg/m2; 70% female; 54% Hispanic, 35% black. Laboratory analysis included fasting lipids, glucose, gamma gluteryl transferase (GGT), and oral glucose tolerance testing. Additional liver transaminases and liver ultrasound (US) were performed to evaluate presence and severity of fatty liver.Results-All subjects met MS criteria for children for waist circumference; 49% for blood pressure; 54% for high density lipoprotein (HDL); 54% for triglycerides; 20% for impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). 47 subjects had 3 or more MS criteria. BMI was no different between groups with and without MS. Subjects with 3 or more MS criteria were more likely to have IGT (p = .004), elevated ALT (p = .039), elevated GGT (p = .036), fatty liver on US (p < .001), and more severe fatty liver (p = .001).Reprint requests: kathryn.love-osborne@dhha.org, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver Health and Hospitals Authority Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusions-Abnormal glucose regulation and evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were more common in subjects meeting 3 criteria for MS than in those meeting fewer criteria. The identification of MS provides value to the primary care provider. Those patients meeting criteria for MS should be evaluated for glucose intolerance and NAFLD. NIH Public Access

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Adolescents Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Love-Osborne

Nadeau²,

Sheeder

et al. 2008

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…In addition to gender differences, rates of NAFLD differ among ethnic groups. The lowest rates of NAFLD were found among African Americans [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Particularly disturbing was the high rate of NAFLD observed in Hispanic youths [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Ethnicity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in an Obesity Clinic: The Impact of Triglycerides

et al. 2008

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing problem that is associated with the metabolic syndrome. The goal of the present study was to evaluate for ethnic differences in NAFLD and clinical correlates of NAFLD. The study population consisted of 567 patients seen at an urban obesity clinic. Elevated aminotransferase levels were used as a surrogate marker for NAFLD. The prevalence of elevated aminotransferases was highest in Hispanics (39%), followed by Caucasians (28%), and African Americans (12%). In univariate analysis, elevated aminotransferase levels were associated with ethnicity (Hispanic > African American, P < 0.001, and Caucasian > African American P = 0.030), hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.001), and male gender (P < 0.001). The pattern of results was confirmed in multivariate analysis, except that the differences between Caucasians and African Americans was no longer significant. In conclusion, in an obesity clinic population, elevated aminotransferase levels and hypertriglyceridemia were most common in Hispanics and least common in African Americans.

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“…African Americans have also been shown to have larger LDL particles in comparison to their Caucasian peers (29). Similarly, African Americans have a lower prevalence of NAFLD in comparison to Caucasians (30). In contrast to their seemingly favorable lipid profile, AfricanAmerican children and adolescents have a greater systolic blood pressure per given degree of obesity and display differences in renal handling of potassium (31).…”

Section: Impact Of Genetic Intrauterine Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Complications of Childhood Obesity

Weiss

Kaufman²

2008

Diabetes Care

171

113

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The growing number of obese children and adolescents across the world creates a diagnostic challenge to caregivers. The early clinical manifestations of abnormalities related to childhood obesity, attributed to obesity-driven insulin resistance, are impaired glucose metabolism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Both have no symptoms and demand a high index of suspicion and the proper choice of tests for establishing the diagnosis. The clinician should gather information derived from thoroughly taken history and a focused physical examination to stratify patients by their risk. Focused lifestyle modification-aimed interventions are showing promising results in improving the metabolic profile of obese children. Early diagnosis may help allocate resources for intensive interventions that may benefit individuals at greatest risk for early obesityrelated morbidity. Diabetes Care 31 (Suppl. 2):S310-S316, 2008

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Decreased Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Black Obese Children

Abstract: Eight percent of asymptomatic, obese children had an elevated ALT suggestive of NAFLD. White and very obese children are more likely to be affected. Sex and age are not good clinical predictors of NAFLD. We suggest that all obese children be screened for NAFLD.

Cited by 71 publications

References 24 publications

Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Adolescents Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Adolescents Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Ethnicity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in an Obesity Clinic: The Impact of Triglycerides

Metabolic Complications of Childhood Obesity

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