Decreased Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Women with Dyslipidemia

Abstract

Adiponectin, the gene product of the adipose most abundant gene transcript 1, is a novel adipocyte-derived peptide that has been considered to have antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic effects. To characterize the relationship between adiponectin and lipids metabolism, we measured fasting plasma adiponectin concentration by ELISA, serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and apolipoprotein (apo) levels in 352 nondiabetic women, 16-86 yr old, with a wide range of body weight [body mass index (BMI), 14.8-36.3 kg/m(2)]. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with the highest tertile of TG (1.69 mM < or approximately) were decreased, compared with the middle (1.13 < or = approximately < 1.69) or lowest tertile of TG (approximately < 1.13) (5.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.5 +/- 0.3, 9.2 +/- 0.2 microg/ml; P < 0.005, 0.001). Plasma adiponectin with the lowest tertile of HDL-C (approximately < 1.16 mM) was decreased, compared with the middle (1.16 < or = approximately < 1.81) or highest tertile of HDL-C (1.81 < or approximately ) (5.7 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.8 +/- 0.2, 10.1 +/- 0.4 microg/ml; both P < 0.001). These relationships had similar tendencies after adjustment for BMI, body fat mass, age, or diastolic blood pressure. Adiponectin was negatively correlated with serum TG (r = -0.33, P < 0.0001), atherogenic index [(total cholesterol - HDL-C)/HDL-C] (r = -0.34, P < 0.0001), apo B (r = -0.45, P < 0.0001), or apo E (r = -0.29, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with serum HDL-C (r = 0.39, P < 0.0001) or apo A-I levels (r = 0.42, P < 0.002). Those negative relationships became stronger after adjusting for BMI or body fat mass. The slightly positive correlation between adiponectin and age, blood urea nitrogen, or creatinine levels was also observed (all P < 0.001). These results indicate that high-TGnemia and low-HDL-Cnemia are associated with low plasma adiponectin concentrations in nondiabetic women. Further efforts must now be targeted to determine whether adiponectin causes these lipid abnormalities and thus whether it is partly responsible for the atherogenic risk seen in the metabolic syndrome.

Adiponectin and Leptin Levels Correlate Withbody Mass Index and Lipid Fractions but Not Withdisturbances of Glucose Metabolism

“…In turn, two recent papers which evaluate the prognostic value of adiponectin for cardiovascular disease and mortality do not certify the inverse correlation between adiponectin and LDL cholesterol (13,15). In another study conducted in Japan, on dyslipidemic females, the correlation between adiponectin and LDL or total cholesterol was also absent (25). In our study, the strongest relationships between adiponectin and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and BMI or between leptin and HDL cholesterol were registered in normal weight subjects.…”

Oxidative Stress in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

“…Adiponectin is a potent TNF-α-neutralizing adipokine, and in vitro and experimental animal studies have proven the importance of this mediator in counteracting infl ammation and insulin resistance. In addition, the conditions most associated with the development of NAFLD, namely, obesity [ 9 ], IR [ 161 ], type-2 diabetes [ 63 ], and dyslipidemia [ 99 ], all have reduced adiponectin levels. Also, the expression of adiponectin and its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, is low in the liver of patients with NAFLD [ 74 ].…”

Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ: role of leptin and adiponectin in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases

“…Its secretion is modulated by insulin, pointing to the possibility that the expression is regulated by the nutritional state (7,76). Clinically, plasma adiponectin concentrations range from 3 to 30 pg/rnl and are decreased in patients with obesity (5), non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus (33), insulin resistance (75) and dyslipidemia (46). The incidence of cardiovascular death was higher in patients with low plasma adiponectin compared with those with higher adiponectin levels (81).…”