Decreased Percentages of the Peripheral Blood T-Cell Subsets and the Serum IL-2 Contents in Chickens Fed on Diets Excess in Fluorine

Abstract

Three hundred 1-day-old Avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on control diet (F 23 ppm) and high-fluorine diets (400 ppm, high-fluorine group I; 800 ppm, high-fluorine group II; 1,200 ppm, high-fluorine group III) for 42 days (n=75/group). The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased in three high-fluorine groups when compared with those of control group. Meanwhile, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were lower in high-fluorine group II at 28 days of age and in high-fluorine group III at 42 days of age than in control group. Also, the serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) contents were decreased in three high-fluorine groups when compared with those of control group. Histopathologically, the thymus became hypocellular in three high-fluorine groups. It was concluded that dietary fluorine excess (400~1,200 ppm) reduced the percentages of T-lymphocyte subsets and the serum IL-2 contents, and cellular immune function could be affected in chickens.

Effect of Dietary Vanadium on Cecal Tonsil T Cell Subsets and IL-2 Contents in Broilers

“…*p<0.05, compared with the control group; **p<0.01, compared with the control group are further classified according to the presence of CD 4 + and CD 8 + proteins. In chicken, the CD 4 + T cells are considered as helper/inflammatory T cells which respond to exogenous antigens in conjunction with the class II MHC molecules, and CD 8 + T cells are considered cytotoxic T cells and respond to endogenous antigens in conjunction with the class I MHC antigens as cytotoxic T cells [30]. The lymphocytes in CT distribute uniformly in the whole mucous layer.…”

Effect of Vanadium on the Subset and Proliferation of Peripheral Blood T Cells, and Serum Interleukin-2 Content in Broilers

“…Similar to mammalian species, mature T cells are further classified according to the presence of CD 4 + and CD 8 + proteins. In chicken, the CD 4 + T cells are considered as helper/inflammatory T cells, which respond to exogenous antigens in conjunction with the class II major histocompatibility complex molecules, and CD 8 + T cells are considered cytotoxic T cells and respond to endogenous antigens in conjunction with the class I major histocompatibility complex antigens as cytotoxic T cells [16]. In the present study, the percentages of CD 3 + and CD 3 + CD 4 + were decreased in 45 and 60 ppm groups and increased in 5 ppm group.…”

Effect of High Fluorine on the Cell Cycle and Apoptosis of Renal Cells in Chickens

“…The same 300 1-day-old Avian broilers of our recent study [8][9][10] were used in this research: a control group and three high F groups I, II, and III with 400, 800, and 1,200 mg F/kg diet, respectively.…”

“…All parameters determined in this study were presented as mean±standard error of the mean. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance or t test, as reported previously [8][9][10].…”

“…Our recent study results showed that dietary high F intake could cause cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis of lymphocytes in chickens, which inhibited the development of immune organs and finally impaired the immune function of chickens [8][9][10]. To our knowledge, however, there have been no systematic studies on the effect of excess F on the cell cycle and apoptosis of renal cells in chickens.…”