Decreased parotid salivary cyclic nucleotides related to smell loss severity in patients with taste and smell dysfunction

Henkin, Robert I.; Velicu, Irina

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.05.027

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Each patient had undergone previous evaluation before any drug treatment, 12,13 followed by treatment with oral theophylline. These patients had hyposmia and hypogeusia and exhibited levels of cAMP and cGMP lower than their respective reference ranges in the saliva 35,36 and nasal mucus 37,38 before theophylline treatment. These 10 patients were selected from the group undergoing previous evaluation and treatment for the intranasal trial because (1) their response to oral theophylline was subjectively submaximal; (2) they developed adverse effects after attempts to increase the drug dose to obtain a more maximal clinical response, thus limiting the administered drug dose; and (3) they resided in an area in close proximity to The Clinic, which made their frequent return visits to The Clinic more practical for any additional clinical trial.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Measurements in blood, urine, erythrocytes, saliva, and nasal mucus determined before their entry into the open trial of oral theophylline established the biochemical cause of their hyposmia and hypogeusia to be related to their levels of saliva and nasal mucus cAMP and cGMP being lower than the reference range. [35][36][37][38] These 10 patients were then selected for this study on the basis of the laboratory and clinical criteria noted previously.…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33 Effective treatment to increase secretion of these growth factors is therefore necessary to improve hypogeusia and hyposmia 5,12,13 and return taste and smell function to normal as demonstrated by several previous studies. 5,12,13 To understand more about these processes, a comprehensive study of many patients with loss of smell and taste determined that levels of the salivary 34,35 and nasal mucus 36,37 growth factors cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were lower than in healthy subjects and were responsible for the onset of hyposmia and hypogeusia in many of these patients. 38,39 Indeed, as hyposmia increased in severity, levels of these salivary 35 and nasal mucus 37 growth factors decreased in a consistent manner.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intranasal Theophylline Treatment of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia

Henkin¹,

Schultz²,

Minnick-Poppe³

2012

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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To determine whether intranasal theophylline methylpropyl paraben can correct hyposmia and hypogeusia. Design:We performed an open-label pilot study in patients with hyposmia and hypogeusia under the following 3 conditions: (1) before treatment, (2) after oral theophylline anhydrous treatment, and (3) after intranasal theophylline treatment. Under each condition, we performed subjective evaluations of taste and smell functions, quantitative measurements of taste (gustometry) and smell (olfactometry), and measurements of serum theophylline level and body weight.Setting: The Taste and Smell Clinic in Washington, DC.Patients: Ten patients with hyposmia and hypogeusia clinically related to the effects of viral illness, allergic rhinitis, traumatic brain injury, congenital hyposmia, and other chronic disease processes were selected.Interventions: Oral theophylline anhydrous, 200 to 800 mg/d for 2 to 12 months, was administered to each patient. This treatment was discontinued for 3 weeks to 4 months when intranasal theophylline methylpropyl paraben, 20 µg/d in each naris, was administered for 4 weeks.Main Outcome Measures: At termination of each condition, taste and smell function was determined subjectively, by means of gustometry and olfactometry, with measurement of serum theophylline levels and body weight.Results: Oral theophylline treatment improved taste and smell acuity in 6 patients after 2 to 12 months of treatment. Intranasal theophylline treatment improved taste and smell acuity in 8 patients after 4 weeks, with improvement greater than after oral administration. No adverse effects accompanied intranasal drug use. Body weight increased with each treatment but was greater after intranasal than after oral administration.Conclusions: Intranasal theophylline treatment is safer and more effective in improving hyposmia and hypogeusia than oral theophylline anhydrous treatment.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intranasal Theophylline Treatment of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia

Henkin¹,

Schultz²,

Minnick-Poppe³

2012

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…Indeed, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and adenylyl cyclase in nasal mucus have been implicated in the maintenance of normal olfactory receptor function [38]. Many patients suffering from smell loss (including Type II congenital smell loss) exhibited abnormalities in the balance of these cytokines [38] and in the concentration of adenylyl cyclase [39,40,41,42,43]. Treatment of these patients (including those with Type II congenital smell loss) with phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors demonstrated improvement in smell function in about 50% of patients [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte membrane antigen frequencies in patients with Type II congenital smell loss

Stateman

Henkin

Knöppel

et al. 2015

American Journal of Otolaryngology

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OBJECTIVE-The objective of this study was to determine whether there are genetic factors associated with Type II congenital smell loss.STUDY DESIGN-The expression frequencies of 16 erythrocyte antigens among patients with Type II congenital smell loss were determined and compared to those of a large control group. CONCLUSIONS-These findings describe the presence of a previously unrevealed genetic tendency among patients with Type II congenital smell loss related to erythrocyte surface antigen expression. The deviation in expression rate of Duffy b suggests a target gene and chromosome region in which future research into this form of congenital smell loss may reveal a more specific genetic basis for Type II congenital smell loss. METHODS-Blood

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“…Guanylyl cyclase, in response to calcium levels, synthesizes 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). cGMP is associated with processes, such as phototransduction, circadian entrainment, olfactory transduction, vascular smooth muscle contraction, gap junction, long-term depression, salivary secretion, borderline and spontaneous hypertension, platelet activation and learning ability (Cornilescu et al 2014; Arshavsky and Wensel 2013; Chae et al 2007; Chen et al 2007; Golombek et al 2003; Wang et al 2013; Dismuke et al 2013; Dam et al 2014; Mao et al 2013; Kameritsch et al 2012; Robinson et al 2012; Kawaguchi and Hirano 2013; Simon et al 2013; Henkin et al 2007, 2013; Henkin and Velicu 2009; Pechánová et al 2009; Rukoyatkina et al 2011; Rodrigo et al 2006). However, none of these processes were earlier described as related to the liver functions and the metabolism of biologically active compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologically active substances-enriched diet regulates gonadotrope cell activation pathway in liver of adult and old rats

2014

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According to the Hippocrates’ theorem “Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food”, dietary interventions may induce changes in the metabolic and inflammatory state by modulating the expression of important genes involved in the chronic disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of long-term (14 months) use of biologically active substances-enriched diet (BASE-diet) on transcriptomic profile of rats’ liver. The experiment was conducted on 36 Sprague–Dawley rats divided into two experimental groups (fed with control or BASE-diet, both n = 18). Control diet was a semi-synthetic diet formulated according to the nutritional requirements for laboratory animals. The BASE-diet was enriched with a mixture of polyphenolic compounds, β-carotene, probiotics, and n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In total, n = 3,017 differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified, including n = 218 DE genes between control and BASE groups after 3 months of feeding and n = 1,262 after 14 months. BASE-diet influenced the expression of genes involved particularly in the gonadotrope cell activation pathway and guanylate cyclase pathway, as well as in mast cell activation, gap junction regulation, melanogenesis and apoptosis. Especially genes involved in regulation of GnRH were strongly affected by BASE-diet. This effect was stronger with the age of animals and the length of diet use. It may suggest a link between the diet, reproductive system function and aging.

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Decreased parotid salivary cyclic nucleotides related to smell loss severity in patients with taste and smell dysfunction

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Intranasal Theophylline Treatment of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia

Intranasal Theophylline Treatment of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia

Erythrocyte membrane antigen frequencies in patients with Type II congenital smell loss

Biologically active substances-enriched diet regulates gonadotrope cell activation pathway in liver of adult and old rats

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