Decreased herpes simplex viral immunity and enhanced pathogenesis following stressor administration in mice

Kusnecov, Alexander; Grota, Lee J.; Schmidt, Susan; Bonneau, Robert H.; Sheridan, John F.; Glaser, Ronald; Moynihan, Jan A.

doi:10.1016/0165-5728(92)90097-5

Cited by 60 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Stress has been shown to induce and enhance the synthesis of specific proteins and to induce lymphocyte apoptosis [5]. During infection, stress has been shown to play a role in the susceptibility to several microorganisms such as herpes simplex, Coxsackie B1 and West Nile 7 viruses [6][7][8]. The suppressive or stimulatory effects of stress on the immune system appear to depend on the individual physiology of the host [9,10].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In fact, very few studies have investigated how these suppressive or stimulatory effects are affecting the immune system when the host is dealing with non-favorable conditions such as infection or disease [6][7][8]11]. Depending on the model used, cold stress (CS), a physical stressor, has been shown to enhance or suppress cellular components of the immune system [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulatory Effects of Cold Stress on Mice Infected Intraperitoneally with a 50% Lethal Dose of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Avilés

Monroy²

2001

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Cofactors such as stress have been suspected to play a role in the susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Toxoplasma gondii is one of the major opportunistic infectious agents in immunocompromised individuals, and infection can be modulated by external factors such as stress. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the in vivo and in vitro role of cold stress (CS) in the pathogenesis of T. gondii infection and its impact on regulatory cytokines in this model. Methods: Mice subjected to CS and control animals were infected intraperitoneally with an LD₅₀ of PD2 T. gondii tachyzoites, and the outcome of the infection was determined. In addition, peritoneal macrophages obtained from CS and non-stressed mice were infected in vitro with T. gondii. The number of infected macrophages, the number of intracellular parasites and the production of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined. Results: CS applied before intraperitoneal inoculation increased susceptibility against T. gondii infection. Peritoneal cells from CS mice contained significantly higher numbers of intracellular parasites and infected macrophages compared to those from non-stressed animals. IFN-γ production was initially high in the CS group but decreased significantly after 36 h. Opposite results were found in the non-stressed group. Macrophages from CS mice persistently produced high levels of TNF-α and IL-12 and peaked after 36 h. Levels of these cytokines were lower or absent in the non-stressed group. Conclusion: These results suggest that CS increased the host susceptibility to intraperitoneal T. gondii infection by modulating the function of macrophages and the production of cytokines (IFN-γ) involved in the early control of infection.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of Cold Stress on Mice Infected Intraperitoneally with a 50% Lethal Dose of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Avilés

Monroy²

2001

Neuroimmunomodulation

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“…Further, IL-2 driven proliferation of lymphocytes is inhibited, probably by an inhibition of the respective receptor (BATUMAN et al, 1994). Glucocorticoids are further able to supress antigen specific responses of T lymphocytes in humans (FAUCI and DALE, 1974), and the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes has been found to be impaired by stress in mice (KUSNECOV et al, 1992) and pigs . An important task of glucocorticoids is the control of the distribution of leucocytes.…”

Section: Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tierz. 45 (2002) 6 583 lymphocytes has been found to be impaired by stress in mice (KUSNECOV et al, 1992) and pigs . An important task of glucocorticoids is the control of the distribution of leucocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Central nervous regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and its impact on fertility, immunity, metabolism and animal welfare – a review

Manteuffel

2002

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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The paper reviews mechanisms of neuronal control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with a view on its impact on performance and welfare. The limbic hippocampal and amygdaloid input to the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus constitutes the basic intracerebral axis by which emotional stimuli affect the stress response. This axis is the backbone of the HPA feedback loop where hippocampus and amygdala are plastic elements and add the ability of experience dependent adaptation and (emotional) learning. As a result large individual differences of the stress response may occur. The system mutually interacts with the immune system and with hypothalamic cell groups which control metabolism and fertility, explaining the influence of stress on these performance parameters. It is concluded that for the reliable assessment of emotional welfare in (farm-) animals a multitude of physiological and behavioral measures are needed which take into account the highly crosslinked nature of the system. Key Words: HPA axis, regulation, brain, performance, animal welfare Zusammenfassung Titel der Arbeit: Zentralnervöse Regulation der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennierenrindenachse und ihr Einfluss auf Fruchtbarkeit, Immunstatus, Metabolismus und Wohlbefinden -eine Übersicht Es werden Mechanismen der neuronalen Kontrolle der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennierenrinden-(HPA-) Achse beschrieben und ihre Einflüsse auf Leistungs-und Befindlichkeitsparameter beleuchtet. Die limbischen Hirnzentren Hippocampus und Amygdala bilden mit ihren Signalen zum paraventrikulären hypothalamischen Nukleus das Rückgrat der intrazerebralen Achse, über die psychische Reize die Stressantwort steuern. Hippocampus und Amygdala sind dabei plastische Elemente, die erfahrungsabhängig physiologische und Verhaltensanpassungen (Lernen) beeinflussen. Als Ergebnis können große individuelle Unterschiede der Stressantwort auftreten. Das System interagiert mit dem Immunsystem und hypothalamischen Neuronenverbänden, die den Metabolismus und die Fruchtbarkeit steuern, wodurch die Wirkung von Stress auf diese Leistungsparameter erklärt werden kann. Die Eigenschaften des Gesamtsystems führen zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass für die zuverlässige Einschätzung des psychisch-emotionalen Wohlbefindens bei (Nutz-) Tieren mehrere physiologische und Verhaltensparameter benötigt werden, die die hochgradig vernetzte Regulation berücksichtigen.Schlüsselwörter: HPA-Achse, Regulation, Gehirn, Leistung, Wohlbefinden Biological function of HPA activity in stressThe aim of this paper is to give the reader an overview of the current understanding of the complex regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with its impact on health, fertility, metabolism, and behavioral adaptation. This is, obviously, of particular interest in farm animals where performance and welfare are considerably interfering with (emotional) stress and the resulting coping attempts. Every environment where animals live is to some degree unpredictable. Although some aspects may be quite regular a...

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“…Neste sentido, uma variedade de estressores alteraram a imunidade de animais de laboratório. De fato, um choque elétrico aplicado nas patas, aumentou a susceptibilidade de camundongos ao vírus herpex simplex (KUSNECOV et al, 1992), um estresse sonoro suprimiu a resposta mediada por células B e T em ratos (SOBRIAN et al, 1997), um choque elétrico inescapável nas patas aumentou o número total de células broncoalveloares em ratos OVA-sensibilizados (PORTELA et al, 2001) e diminuiu tanto a atividade de macrófagos como a sensibilidade de ratos ao crescimento do Tumor Ascítico de Erlich . O efeito do estresse sobre a imunidade, entretanto, depende do tipo de estressor, de sua duração e freqüência e, dentre outras variáveis, da habilidade do "sujeito experimental" em controlar e/ou escapar do mesmo.…”

Section: Sobre As Relações Entre O Sistema Nervoso Central E O Sistemunclassified

Efeitos da administração de cialotrina sobre a atividade de macrófagos peritoneais de ratos

Righi¹

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Autorizo a reprodução parcial ou total desta obra, para fins acadêmicos, desde que citada a fonte. Aos meus pais, Prof. Dr. Gilberto Righi e Profa. Dra. Lourdes Abbud Righi e aos meus irmãos. Eles foram minha fonte de inspiração e meu apoio. Dedico a eles um "pedaço" da minha vida, pois sem eles eu não teria chegado até aqui, e porque a família é o bem mais precioso que um ser humano pode possuir. DADOS INTERNACIONAIS DE CATALOGAÇÃO-NA-PUBLICAÇÃO(À Fabiana, pois estar ao seu lado é sempre uma fonte infinita de momentos memoráveis de paz. Se existe uma "cara metade" você é ela.Ao mestre, amigo e pai científico Prof. Dr. João Palermo-Neto que além de me aceitar de volta de braços abertos, despertou o meu desejo de aprender e me ensinou muito mais do que pesquisa. Conviver contigo por todos estes anos, têm sido uma fonte inesgotável de conhecimento.-À Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia -USP, local de realização do curso de pós-graduação, e porque nada é melhor do que se sentir em casa.-Aos Professores do Departamento de Patologia, que permitiram e auxiliaram a realização deste trabalho.-Aos funcionários do Departamento, especialmente aos funcionários do biotério e do laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada e Toxicologia, sem os quais essa tese jamais teria acontecido.-Ao grupo de Neuroimunomodulação, que além de auxiliar a realização do trabalho, proporcionou muitas risadas e discussões sobre diversos temas.-A todo o pessoal da pós pela deliciosa convivência.-Ao Instituto Butantan de São Paulo, pela doação do Onco-BCG.-Aos funcionários da biblioteca da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia -USP e da biblioteca do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas -USP, pela dedicação e apoio a esta tese."What is there that is not poison? All things are poisons and nothing (is) without poison. Solely the dose determines that a thing is not a poison". Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenhein-Paracelsus (1493-1541)"You too can be a toxicologist in two easy lessons, each of ten years."Arnold Lehman ( Os piretróides sintéticos, em especial os do tipo II, como a cialotrina, são extensivamente utilizados para o controle de uma ampla variedade de ectoparasitas que acometem os animais de produção. Entretanto, no Brasil e em outros países, sua utilização vai além da saúde animal, sendo utilizados também em saúde pública, no controle de diversos vetores, como é o caso do vetor da dengue, dentre outros. Visto que a cialotrina modifica a atividade de macrófagos peritoneais, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os prováveis mecanismos através dos quais este piretróide modifica a atividade destas células. Os presentes resultados, analisados em seu conjunto, mostram de maneira inequívoca que a cialotrina tem um efeito direto e/ou indireto sobre a atividade de macrófagos peritoneais.Especificamente, observou-se neste trabalho que o praguicida causou em ratos: 1 -marcação fos positiva em neurônios do núcleo paraventricular do hipotálamo (NPH), após a dose de 3,0 mg/kg/dia; 2 -diminuição do percentual e intensidade d...

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Decreased herpes simplex viral immunity and enhanced pathogenesis following stressor administration in mice

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

Immunomodulatory Effects of Cold Stress on Mice Infected Intraperitoneally with a 50% Lethal Dose of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Immunomodulatory Effects of Cold Stress on Mice Infected Intraperitoneally with a 50% Lethal Dose of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Central nervous regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and its impact on fertility, immunity, metabolism and animal welfare – a review

Efeitos da administração de cialotrina sobre a atividade de macrófagos peritoneais de ratos

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