Decreased growth and survival in small juvenile fish, after chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastic

Naidoo, Trishan; Glassom, David

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.037

Cited by 135 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Several studies have replicated specific environmental MP loadings appropriate to the life stage and habitat of the model fish (e.g. Mazurais et al, 2015; Rochman et al, 2014, 2017), with Naidoo and Glassom (2019) additionally also replicating the types and shapes of MPs in the exposure regime.…”

Section: Impacts Of Ingested Mps On Freshwater Fishesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microplastics in freshwater fishes: Occurrence, impacts and future perspectives

et al. 2021

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Microplastics (MPs) are small, plastic particles of various shapes, sizes and polymers.Although well studied in marine systems, their roles and importance in freshwater environments remain uncertain. Nevertheless, the restricted ranges and variable traits of freshwater fishes result in their communities being important receptors and strong bioindicators of MP pollution. Here, the current knowledge on MPs in freshwater fishes is synthesized, along with the development of recommendations for future research and sample processing. MPs are commonly ingested and passively taken up by numerous freshwater fishes, with ingestion patterns often related to individual traits (e.g. body size, trophic level) and environmental factors (e.g. local urbanization, habitat features). Controlled MP exposure studies highlight various effects on fish physiology, biochemistry and behaviour that are often complex, unpredictable, species-specific and nonlinear in respect of dose-response relationships.Egestion is typically rapid and effective, although particles of a particular shape and/ or size may remain, or translocate across the intestinal wall to other organs via the blood. Regarding future studies, there is a need to understand the interactions of MP pollution with other anthropogenic stressors (e.g. warming, eutrophication), with a concomitant requirement to increase the complexity of studies to enable impact assessment at population, community and ecosystem levels, and to determine whether there are consequences for processes, such as parasite transmission, where MPs could vector parasites or increase infection susceptibility. This knowledge will determine the extent to which MP pollution can be considered a major anthropogenic stressor of freshwaters in this era of global environmental change.

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Section: Impacts Of Ingested Mps On Freshwater Fishesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microplastics in freshwater fishes: Occurrence, impacts and future perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…58 Chronic exposure of the estuarine glassfish (Ambassis dussumieri) to virgin and harbour-collected microplastics compromised their growth and survival in experimental tanks, possibly due to energy normally used for growth being redirected to ridding the body of plastics and their associated pollutants. 59 Juvenile fish fed virgin and harbourcollected microplastics grew shorter on average, in standard length, than control fish, after a 3-month exposure period. 59 Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant reductions in survival probability in fish fed plastic relative to the control, mainly after 50 days of exposure.…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…59 Juvenile fish fed virgin and harbourcollected microplastics grew shorter on average, in standard length, than control fish, after a 3-month exposure period. 59 Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant reductions in survival probability in fish fed plastic relative to the control, mainly after 50 days of exposure. 59 Importantly, four species of juvenile fish (Oreochromis mossambicus, Terapon jarbua, Ambassis dussumieri and Mugil sp.…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…59 Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant reductions in survival probability in fish fed plastic relative to the control, mainly after 50 days of exposure. 59 Importantly, four species of juvenile fish (Oreochromis mossambicus, Terapon jarbua, Ambassis dussumieri and Mugil sp. ), collected from four mangrove forests in KwaZulu-Natal, were shown to have ingested fibres and fragments of rayon, polyester, nylon and polyvinylchloride in proportions of 70.4%, 10.4%, 5.2% and 3.0% of the total particles consumed, respectively.…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This gap must be filled in order to make predictive decisions in regard to safety for consumption. Given the short gut retention times of some fish and invertebrates, plastic particles may pass without much interference, but chronic exposure does show changes in organisms 59 , and research into these key interactions will help us understand the risk of plastic ingestion to both biota and humans.…”

Section: Key Uncertainties Existing Knowledge Gaps and Research Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of plastic debris on biota and implications for human health: A South African perspective

Naidoo¹,

Rajkaran²,

Sershen³

2020

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Entanglement and ingestion of plastics are the main ecological impacts of marine plastic debris on marine biota, but indirect effects such as the transport of alien species and benthic smothering are also important to note. Entanglement of invertebrates, sharks, turtles, birds and marine mammals is mainly caused by macroplastics (>5 mm), and leads to reduced mobility, ineffective foraging and subsequent mortality. The main plastic types associated with entanglement are improperly discarded fishing nets, lines, ropes and straps. In South Africa and surrounding waters, plastic ingestion has been reported in a number of marine species: sharks (n=10), fish (n>=7), turtles (n=1) and birds (n=36). Lethal (macroplastic) and sub-lethal effects (microplastic ≤5 mm) of marine debris on biota have been noted, but at the time of this review there were no published reports on impacts at the population level. Consumed shellfish are possible vectors for the introduction of microplastics into humans. The specific impacts of microplastic ingestion on human health are largely unknown, but additives associated with plastics represent a threat. The research infrastructure in South Africa is insufficient to monitor and characterise marine plastic debris and, in many cases, not in line with global standards. More research effort is needed to understand the impacts of marine plastic debris on humans and marine biota in South Africa, particularly at the population level. Significance • Macroplastics affect marine biota mainly via entanglement and microplastics largely through ingestion. • Macro- and microplastic interactions with biota can result in sub-lethal effects and mortality but no population effects have been reported for South Africa. • Consumed shellfish are a potential source of microplastics for humans but their potential effects in humans remain unknown. • Better infrastructure is needed for improved monitoring and research on the effects of marine debris in South Africa.

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