Decreased expression of the human carbonyl reductase 2 gene HCR2 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Liu, Shan; Ma, Li; Huang, Weixue; Shai, Yin; Ji, Xiaona; Ding, Liya; Liu, Yinkun; Liu, Yu; Zhao, Shouyuan

doi:10.2478/s11658-006-0022-6

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Different studies showed that a decreased expression of HCR2 in HCC tissues contributes to cancer growth because it increases the cellular damage induced by ROS and other carcinogens [131]. …”

Section: Serum Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and tissue markers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications

et al. 2016

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HCC represents the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite the high incidence, treatment options for advanced HCC remain limited and unsuccessful, resulting in a poor prognosis. Despite the major advances achieved in the diagnostic management of HCC, only one third of the newly diagnosed patients are presently eligible for curative treatments. Advances in technology and an increased understanding of HCC biology have led to the discovery of novel biomarkers. Improving our knowledge about serum and tissutal markers could ultimately lead to an early diagnosis and better and early treatment strategies for this deadly disease. Serum biomarkers are striking potential tools for surveillance and early diagnosis of HCC thanks to the non-invasive, objective, and reproducible assessments they potentially enable. To date, many biomarkers have been proposed in the diagnosis of HCC. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy, characterized by early lymph node involvement and distant metastasis, with 5-year survival rates of 5%-10%. The identification of new biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic or predictive value is especially important as resection (by surgery or combined with a liver transplant) has shown promising results and novel therapies are emerging. However, the relatively low incidence of CCA, high frequency of co-existing cholestasis or cholangitis (primary sclerosing cholangitis –PSC- above all), and difficulties with obtaining adequate samples, despite advances in sampling techniques and in endoscopic visualization of the bile ducts, have complicated the search for accurate biomarkers. In this review, we attempt to analyze the existing literature on this argument.

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Section: Serum Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and tissue markers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications

et al. 2016

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“…Despite this limited information, the strikingly different expression pattern of DCXR in prostate cancer versus melanoma and liver cancer implies a highly tissue‐specific regulation. While an increased DCXR level has been detected in prostate cancer (Cho‐Vega et al , 2007 a ), in melanoma (Cho‐Vega et al , 2007 b ) and in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) DCXR was down‐regulated (Liu et al , ). In 58% of analyzed HCC cases from Chinese patients a reduced level of DCXR mRNA (in this study called human carbonyl reductase 2 or HCR2) was observed.…”

Section: Dcxr and Disease – The Multifunctional Nature Of Dcxrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human DCXR – another ‘moonlighting protein’ involved in sugar metabolism, carbonyl detoxification, cell adhesion and male fertility?

Ebert¹,

Kisiela²,

Maser³

2014

Biological Reviews

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Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase (DCXR; SDR20C1), a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily catalyzes the reduction of α-dicarbonyl compounds and monosaccharides. Its role in the metabolism of L-xylulose has been known since 1970, when essential pentosuria was found to be associated with DCXR deficiency. Despite its early discovery, our knowledge about the role of human DCXR in normal physiology and pathophysiology is still incomplete. Sporadic studies have demonstrated aberrant expression in several cancers, but their physiological significance is unknown. In reproductive medicine, where DCXR is commonly referred to as 'sperm surface protein P34H', it serves as marker for epididymal sperm maturation and is essential for gamete interaction and successful fertilization. DCXR exhibits a multifunctional nature, both acting as a carbonyl reductase and also performing non-catalytic functions, possibly resulting from interactions with other proteins. Recent observations associate DCXR with a role in cell adhesion, pointing to a novel function involving tumour progression and possibly metastasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge about human DCXR and its orthologs from mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans (DHS-21) with an emphasis on its multifunctional characteristics. Due to its close structural relationship with DCXR, carbonyl reductase 2 (Cbr2), a tetrameric enzyme found in several non-primate species is also discussed. Similar to human DCXR, Cbr2 from golden hamster (P26h) and cow (P25b) is essential for sperm-zona pellucida interaction and fertilization. Because of the apparent similarity of these two proteins and the inconsistent use of alternative names previously, we provide an overview of the systematic classification of DCXR and Cbr2 and a phylogenetic analysis to illustrate their ancestry.

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“…Therefore, the decreased expression of HCR2 in HCC tissues contributes to cancer growth because it increases the cellular damage induced by ROS and other carcinogens. The HCR2 levels are inversely correlated to the pathological grading of HCC: lower HCR2 expression is detected in advanced lesions [51].…”

Section: Human Carbonyl Reductasementioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Markers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

et al. 2010

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Despite the large number of studies devoted to the immunohistochemistry of HCC, at the present time, the absolute positive and negative markers for HCC are still lacking, and even those characterized by very high sensitivity and specificity do not have an universal diagnostic usefulness. Given the poor response to current therapies, a better understanding of the molecular pathways active in this disease could potentially provide new targets for therapy. However, AFP shows a low sensitivity, therefore other biomarkers have been developed to make an early diagnosis and improve patients' prognosis.

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Decreased expression of the human carbonyl reductase 2 gene HCR2 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Serum and tissue markers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications

Serum and tissue markers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications

Human DCXR – another ‘moonlighting protein’ involved in sugar metabolism, carbonyl detoxification, cell adhesion and male fertility?

Serum Markers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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