Decreased expression of serotonin in the jejunum and increased numbers of mast cells in the terminal ileum in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Wang, Shenhao

doi:10.3748/wjg.13.6041

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, Di NArdo et al (2014) demonstrated that the number of mast cells in close proximity to nerves in both ileal and colonic mucosa was increased in IBS children with IBS and were related to the intensity and frequency of abdominal pain (66). In support of this, there are other studies demonstrating small intestinal (jejunum and ileum) involvement in IBS (67–69). Therefore, findings presented here in the EWS ileum have relevance to human stress-related GI diseases such as IBS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Early life adversity in piglets induces long‐term upregulation of the enteric cholinergic nervous system and heightened, sex‐specific secretomotor neuron responses

Medland

Pohl

Edwards

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Background Early life adversity (ELA) is a risk factor for the later-life onset of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we utilized a porcine model of ELA, early weaning stress (EWS), to investigate the influence of ELA on the development and function of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Methods Female and castrated male (Male-C) piglets were weaned from their sow either at 15 d of age (EWS) or 28 d of age (late weaning control; LWC). At 60 d and 170 d of age, ileal mucosa-submucosa preparations were mounted in Ussing chambers and veratridine- and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)-evoked short circuit current (Isc) responses were recorded as indices of secretomotor neuron function. Enteric neuron numbers and the expression of select neurotransmitters and their receptors were also measured. Key Results Compared with LWC pigs, female, but not Male-C EWS pigs exhibited heightened veratridine-induced Isc responses at 60 d and 170 d of age, that were blocked with tetrodotoxin (TTX) and atropine. Ileum from EWS pigs had higher numbers of enteric neurons that were choline acetyltransferase-positive (ChAT+). Markers of increased cholinergic signaling (increased acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and down-regulated mucosal muscarinic receptor 3 gene expression were also observed in EWS pigs. Conclusions & Inferences This study demonstrated that EWS in pigs induces lasting and sex-specific hypersensitivity of secretomotor neuron function and upregulation of the cholinergic ENS. These findings may represent a mechanistic link between ELA and lifelong susceptibility to GI diseases such as IBS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Early life adversity in piglets induces long‐term upregulation of the enteric cholinergic nervous system and heightened, sex‐specific secretomotor neuron responses

Medland

Pohl

Edwards

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…The same result was observed in different reptilian species, including in the crocodilians C. latirostris (Yamada et al 1987) and Alligator sinensis (Wu et al 1999); the chelonians M. caspica, T. gracea, L. lepida (Perez-Tomas et al 1989; see also Tarakçi et al 2005 for M. caspica) and Ocadia sinensis (Liu et al 2007); and the squamates E. kingii (Arena et al 1990), C. chalcides, Z. madagascariensis (Morescalchi et al 1997), T. wolteri , G. japonicus, E. chinensis, S. indicus, E. elegans (Huang & Wu 2005), and T. scripta (Zhang & Wu 2009).…”

Section: Intestinesupporting

confidence: 67%

“…This hormone has a strong effect on the regulation of digestive functions (Grundy 2008). The 5-HT could stimulate gastrointestinal mucosa secretion, smooth muscle contraction and the expansion of blood vessels, thus accelerating digestive tract movements (Wang et al 2007). El-Salhy et al (1985) reported that these IR cells are found in the digestive tract of all vertebrate species, a fact that suggests their establishment in this region at an early phase of vertebrate evolution.…”

Section: Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical study of the six types of endocrine cells in the enteropancreatic system of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)

Firmiano

Cardoso

Sales

et al. 2017

The European Zoological Journal

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The present study investigates the aspects of endocrine cells secreting cholecystokinin, gastrin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and serotonin in the enteropancreatic system of Tropidurus torquatus. The specimens were collected in Marambaia Island, Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The animals' intestine and pancreas were removed, fixed, processed and then subjected to immunohistochemical techniques. Three cell types, immunoreactive (IR) to gastrin, cholecystokinin-8 and serotonin, were identified in the intestinal mucosa. Serotonin was found in the small and large intestines, whereas gastrin and cholecystokinin-8 cells were only observed in the large intestine of T. torquatus. Glucagon, somatostatin and insulin were not observed in the intestines at all. Only glucagon, somatostatin and insulin were identified in the pancreas of the studied lizards. The dorsal lobe showed a large number of endocrine cells scattered throughout the exocrine parenchyma and in the exocrine duct walls. The present study shows that the intestine and pancreas of T. torquatus hold most of the regulatory peptides, presenting a structure similar to that in other vertebrates such as birds and mammals. The endocrine cells identified in the lizards' enteropancreatic system evidences the good phylogenetic preservation of the regulatory peptides' molecular structure.

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“…25,65,100 in serotonin levels in the small intestine and colon of IBS patients, and the expression of 5HT was found to be unaltered in the ileum 65 and the colon. 74,83 Moreover, no region-or symptom-specific patterns could be correlated with these changes, nor have these changes been homogeneously observed across different studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Review article: associations between immune activation, intestinal permeability and the irritable bowel syndrome

Matricon

Méleine

Gelot

et al. 2012

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

183

180

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This uncommissioned review article was subject to full peer-review. SUMMARY BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, markedly impairing patients' quality of life. Drug development for IBS treatment has been hampered by the lack of understanding of IBS aetiology. In recent years, numerous data have emerged that suggest the involvement of immune activation in IBS, at least in a subset of patients. AimTo determine whether immune activation and intestinal permeabilisation are more frequently observed in IBS patients compared with healthy controls. MethodsThe scientific bibliography was searched using the following keywords: irritable bowel syndrome, inflammation, immune activation, permeabilisation, intestine, assay, histology and human. The retrieved studies, including blood, faecal and histological studies, were analysed to provide a comprehensive and structured overview of the available data including the type of assay, type of inflammatory marker investigated or intestinal segment studied. ResultsImmune activation was more frequently observed in IBS patients than in healthy controls. An increase in the number of mast cells and lymphocytes, an alteration in cytokine levels and intestinal permeabilisation were reported in IBS patients. No consistent changes in the numbers of B cells or enterochromaffin cells or in mucosal serotonin production were demonstrated. ConclusionsThe changes observed were modest and often heterogeneous among the studied population. Only appropriate interventions improving irritable bowel syndrome symptoms could highlight and confirm the role of immune activation in this pathophysiology.

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Decreased expression of serotonin in the jejunum and increased numbers of mast cells in the terminal ileum in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Early life adversity in piglets induces long‐term upregulation of the enteric cholinergic nervous system and heightened, sex‐specific secretomotor neuron responses

Early life adversity in piglets induces long‐term upregulation of the enteric cholinergic nervous system and heightened, sex‐specific secretomotor neuron responses

Immunohistochemical study of the six types of endocrine cells in the enteropancreatic system of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)

Review article: associations between immune activation, intestinal permeability and the irritable bowel syndrome

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