Decreased Bone Mineral Density in Adults Born with Very Low Birth Weight: A Cohort Study

Hovi, Petteri; Andersson, Sture; Järvenpää, Anna‐Liisa; Eriksson, Johan G.; Strang‐Karlsson, Sonja; Kajantie, Eero; Mäkitie, Outi

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000135

Cited by 126 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We have previously shown in several other cohorts that vitamin D deficiency is alarmingly common in all age groups in Finland (23,29,30,31,32). The findings in the present cohort are in line with these observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence in the general young adult male population in Finland remains unknown. However, in our previous study, the prevalence of compression fractures in another control group (nZ138, mean age 23 years, 55% males), assessed similarly as in this study, was only 5.1% (23). In another study on 158 healthy adults (median age 32.6 years; 76 males), we found compression fractures in none of the subjects (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

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Long-term skeletal consequences of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adult males: a cohort study

Mäkitie

Heikkinen

Toiviainen-Salo

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Long-term health sequelae of childhood-onset acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remain largely unknown. Low bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) are recognized complications, but it is unknown whether these persist until adulthood. We evaluated skeletal characteristics and their association with ALL therapy in long-term male ALL survivors. Design: This cross-sectional cohort study included 49 long-term male ALL survivors and 55 agematched healthy males. Methods: BMD and compression fractures were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; blood biochemistry was obtained for parameters of calcium homeostasis. Results: The ALL survivors (median age 29 years, range 25-38 years), assessed 10-38 years after ALL diagnosis, had lower lumbar spine (P!0.001), femoral neck (P!0.001), and whole-body (PZ0.017) BMD than expected based on normative values. When compared with the controls (median age 30 years, range 24-36 years), the ALL survivors had lower lumbar spine BMC (PZ0.014), lower whole-body BMC (P!0.001), and lower whole-body BMD (P!0.001), but the differences were partly explained by differences in height. Altogether, 20% of the ALL survivors had spinal compression fractures, but these were equally prevalent in the controls. Males diagnosed with ALL before age 5 years had significantly lower BMD values. Other recognized risk factors included untreated hypogonadism, vitamin D deficiency, hypophosphatemia, low IGF-binding protein-3, and low physical activity. Conclusions: At young adulthood, long-term male ALL survivors have significantly reduced BMC and BMD and a high prevalence of spinal compression fractures. Careful follow-up and active treatment of the recognized risk factors are warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Long-term skeletal consequences of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adult males: a cohort study

Mäkitie

Heikkinen

Toiviainen-Salo

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…With peak bone mass as a key stage in skeletal development prior to the onset of the natural process of age associated bone loss, determination of the relationship between birth weight and bone mass in early adulthood is imperative. Although numerous studies have been performed [18,19,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], only a limited number involved women around the third decade and these generally employed small sample sizes. Hence the findings of our study enhances current knowledge and supports the idea of invoking preventive measures while parental awareness may be warranted for those with or at risk of lower birth weights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight is more important for peak bone mineral content than for bone density: the PEAK-25 study of 1,061 young adult women

2012

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Birth weight is more important for peak bone mineral content than for bone density: the PEAK-25 study of 1,061 young adult women. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Callréus, M., McGuigan, F., & Åkesson, K. (2013). Birth weight is more important for peak bone mineral content than for bone density: the PEAK-25 study of 1,061 young adult women. Osteoporosis International, 24(4), 1347 -1355 . DOI: 10.1007 /s00198-012-2077 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of birth weight on peak bone mass and body composition in a cohort of 25-year-old women.Methods: 1061 women participated in this cross-sectional population-based study, using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess BMC, BMD and body composition (total body (TB), femoral neck (FN), total hip (TH), lumbar spine L1-L4 (LS), lean and fat mass). Birth weight data was available for 1047 women and was categorized into tertiles of low (≤3180 g 2.5kg total body lean mass). The strongest correlations between birth weight and BMC occurred in women with the lowest birth weights, although excluding women who weighed <2500 g at birth, the correlation remained significant although slightly weaker.Conclusions: Women with lower birth weight have lower bone mineral content, independent of current body weight, and less lean and fat mass at the age of 25. Lower birth weight has a greater negative influence on bone mass than the positive influence of higher birth weight.

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“…Few studies are available on adult height in those born preterm (Table 2) (41,57,74,75,78,79,80,81,82,83). Some are cohort studies with strict inclusion criteria and subjects followed from birth to adult height, but with the disadvantages of long-term studies, such as loss of follow-up.…”

Section: Adult Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Growth and growth hormone therapy in short children born preterm

Boguszewski

Cardoso-Demartini

2017

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm across the world every year, with less than 37 completed weeks of gestation. Survival rates increased during the last decades with the improvement of neonatal care. With premature birth, babies are deprived of the intense intrauterine growth phase, and postnatal growth failure might occur. Some children born prematurely will remain short at later ages and adult life. The risk of short stature increases if the child is also born small for gestational age. In this review, the effects of being born preterm on childhood growth and adult height and the hormonal abnormalities possibly associated with growth restriction are discussed, followed by a review of current information on growth hormone treatment for those who remain with short stature during infancy and childhood.

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Decreased Bone Mineral Density in Adults Born with Very Low Birth Weight: A Cohort Study

Abstract: Petteri Hovi and colleagues evaluate skeletal health in 144 adults born preterm with very low birth weight and show that as adults these individuals have significantly lower bone mineral density than do their term-born peers.

Cited by 126 publications

References 40 publications

Long-term skeletal consequences of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adult males: a cohort study

Long-term skeletal consequences of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adult males: a cohort study

Birth weight is more important for peak bone mineral content than for bone density: the PEAK-25 study of 1,061 young adult women

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Growth and growth hormone therapy in short children born preterm

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