Decreased Blood TcRγδ+ Lymphocytes in AIDS and p24-Antigenemic HIV-1-Infected Patients

γδ T Cells in HIV Disease: Past, Present, and Future

“…Based on studies of former plasma donors in southern China who were infected at the same time and with similar strains of HIV, we know that Vδ2 levels correlate with viremia (hence levels of gp120) but not with CD4 T cell count ( 67 ). This adds support to a model where viral proteins are directly responsible for Vδ2 cell depletion as was proposed earlier ( 11 ). During natural history studies of HIV disease it will be important to identify patients being treated with CCR5 antagonists including Maraviroc, who may have increased Vδ2 T cells compared to patients treated with regimens that do not include this drug class.…”

“…In contrast to Vδ1 cells, the Vδ2 subset is uniformly depleted in HIV disease with the greatest declines seen among patients with high viremia ( 11 ). These early studies [before the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART)] involved patients who were untreated or received single drug therapy where viremia was reduced 10–50-fold but never suppressed fully.…”

Depletion and dysfunction of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in HIV disease: mechanisms, impacts and therapeutic implications

“…In HIV disease, Vδ1 cell expansion along with loss of circulating Vδ2 cells, leads to an inverted Vδ2/Vδ1 ratio 6,7 . An important obstacle to studying Vδ1 cells is that antigen specificity of this subset remains unclear.…”

Inhibition of R5‐tropic HIV type‐1 replication in CD4+ natural killer T cells by γδ T lymphocytes

“…In contrast, V γ 1 δ 1 γδ T cells reside primarily at the mucosal surfaces for the control of virus‐infected cells . Indeed, the significant expansion of V γ 1 δ 1 γδ T cells and the loss of V γ 2V δ 2 T cells during the course of HIV‐1 infection have been reported . A relative expansion of duodenal V δ 1 + γδ T cells among intraepithelial lymphocytes has also been reported in AIDS patients .…”