Decrease in the incidence of mupirocin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in carriers from an intensive care unit

Mupirocin Resistance Related to Increasing Mupirocin Use in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Pediatric Population

“…We have shown that rates remained low in our population despite an approximately 2-fold increase in mupirocin prescriptions over 5 years. Our level of resistance is lower than in previous studies in which the majority of patients were adult inpatients (2,6,17).…”

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“…It has been shown previously that in hospitals where mupirocin use is common the percentage of mupirocin resistant isolates can be extremely high (63%)[54]. Surprisingly though, Caierao et al[55], 2006 report an actual decrease in the level of mupirocin resistance during regular use in ICU. Wide variations in the susceptibility of isolates to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and gentamicin were observed among hospitals, while susceptibility to chloramphenicol and linezolid as well as resistance to fusidic acid were fairly similar.…”

Mupirocin Resistance

“…Five years after this change, despite continuation of the active surveillance and decolonization program, mupirocin resistance had decreased to 15%. Several other studies suggest that mupirocin resistance rates can decline or remain low in the presence of restrictive-use policies, even when mupirocin use for eradicating colonization remains routine [35][36][37]. During an ongoing program in 3 US hospitals that implemented universal surveillance and mupirocin-based decolonization of all inpatient MRSA carriers, mupirocin resistance remained relatively low but increased substantially, from 4.1% to 7.2% among all MRSA isolates during the 3 years of the program [38].…”