Decrease in seroprevalence for herpesviruses among pregnant women in Finland: cross-sectional study of three time points 1992, 2002 and 2012

Puhakka, Laura; Sarvikivi, Emmi; Lappalainen, Maija; Surcel, Heljä‐Marja; Saxén, Harri

doi:10.3109/23744235.2015.1123290

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our cohort was well protected against varicella, which is in accordance with previous reports in the Finnish population [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The sera were analyzed at HUSLAB with EIA techniques during fall 2015. Varicella IgG was measured using an inhouse VZV-IgG EIA test [18,19] Varicella, measles and mumps antibodies were defined positive or negative according to the manufacturer's guidelines. Rubella antibodies were considered non-protective when titers less than 15 EIU were detected.…”

Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases in Finnish pediatric healthcare workers in 2015

Koivisto

Puhakka

Lappalainen

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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“…Our cohort was well protected against varicella, which is in accordance with previous reports in the Finnish population [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases in Finnish pediatric healthcare workers in 2015

Koivisto

Puhakka

Lappalainen

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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“…In Asia EBV seroprevalence rapidly increased with age, exceeding 80% by age 5, and 90% by 7-8 years [19,21,36,47]. In contrast, studies in Europe and North America showed a more gradual increase in seroprevalence which did not exceed 90% until age 22 [23,25,28,33,38,43,49,53,79,83]. Studies which used validated, commercially available tests for EBV antigens were more likely to show increases in seroprevalence with age than studies which used in-house tests or did not reported which test they used; these studies also tended to be larger and representative of the underlying population (Table S1 in the Online Supplementary Document).…”

Section: Age and Ebv Seroprevalencementioning

confidence: 96%

Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and implications for vaccine policy: A systematic review of the literature

Winter

Jackson

Lewis

et al. 2020

Journal of Global Health

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Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogen; it infects >90% people globally and is linked to infectious mononucleosis and several types of cancer. Vaccines against EBV are in development. In this study we present the first systematic review of the literature on risk factors for EBV infection, and discuss how they differ between settings, in order to improve our understanding of EBV epidemiology and aid the design of effective vaccination strategies.Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 6 th March 2017 for observational studies of risk factors for EBV infection. Studies were excluded if they were published before 2008 to ensure relevance to the modern day, given the importance of influencing future vaccination policies. There were no language restrictions. After title, abstract and full text screening, followed by checking the reference lists of included studies to identify further studies, data were extracted into standardised spreadsheets and quality assessed. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.Results Seventy-seven papers met our inclusion criteria, including data from 31 countries. There was consistent evidence that EBV seroprevalence was associated with age, increasing throughout childhood and adolescence and remaining constant thereafter. EBV was generally acquired at younger ages in Asia than Europe/North America. There was also compelling evidence for an association between cytomegalovirus infection and EBV. Additional factors associated with EBV seroprevalence, albeit with less consistent evidence, included ethnicity, socioeconomic status, other chronic viral infections, and genetic variants of HLA and immune response genes. ConclusionsOur study is the first systematic review to draw together the global literature on the risk factors for EBV infection and includes an evaluation of the quality of the published evidence. Across the literature, the factors examined are diverse. In Asia, early vaccination of infants would be required to prevent EBV infection. In contrast, in Western countries a vaccine could be deployed later, particularly if it has only a short duration of protection and the intention was to protect against infectious mononucleosis. There is a lack of high-quality data on the prevalence and age of EBV infection outside of Europe, North America and South-East Asia, which are essential for informing effective vaccination policies in these settings.

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“…A study conducted in Japan [5] has shown that before the early 1990s, more than 80% of children aged 5 to 7 were found to be seropositive, whereas the positivity rate decreased to 59% for the years 1995–1999. In contrast, in Finland, EBV seroprevalence in pregnant women has remained unchanged in the last 20 years [6]. This age shift observed in some countries could lead to a higher incidence of symptomatic EBV PI, particularly of intense IM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of EBV seroprevalence and primary infection age in a French hospital and a city laboratory network, 2000–2016

Fourcade¹,

Germi²,

Guerber³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundAccording to rare studies, the age at EBV primary infection (PI) has recently risen in some developed countries. A later age at infection is generally considered a risk factor for severe EBV PI, although few studies exist on this subject. Our investigation aimed to determine whether EBV seroprevalence and EBV PI epidemiology have evolved in France, and to what extent age and infection intensity (regarding biological parameters) are correlated.Methods and findingsWe conducted a retrospective study of the following EBV serological tests databases: tests carried out at Grenoble University Hospital (2000–2016) (n = 53,553); and tests carried out by a network of city laboratories in Grenoble area (2008–2015) (n = 27,485). The hospital population showed a continuous, significant decrease in EBV seroprevalence over the studied period for patients aged 20 and over (p<0.01). The seroprevalence also decreased for different age classes (<10, 15–19, 20–30, and 30–40 years old) over the periods 2001–2005, 2006–2010, and 2011–2015. Consistently, the age at PI was significantly higher in the years 2008–2015 than in the years 2001–2007 (15.6±12.0 vs. 13.7±11.0; p = 0.03). The city laboratory population showed the same trend of decreasing seroprevalence (p = 0.06); no significant variations in age at PI were observed. The age at PI was positively correlated with ASAT, ALAT, γGT, and bilirubin blood levels (p<0.01) and negatively correlated with platelet counts (p<0.05).ConclusionIn the last 15 years, the age at EBV PI has increased, whereas seroprevalence has decreased. Moreover, our findings confirm the positive correlation between age and biological abnormalities. Taken together, these results suggest that the incidence of severe EBV PI will increase in the future.

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Decrease in seroprevalence for herpesviruses among pregnant women in Finland: cross-sectional study of three time points 1992, 2002 and 2012

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases in Finnish pediatric healthcare workers in 2015

Immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases in Finnish pediatric healthcare workers in 2015

Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and implications for vaccine policy: A systematic review of the literature

Evolution of EBV seroprevalence and primary infection age in a French hospital and a city laboratory network, 2000–2016

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