Decoupling Internalized Dysfunctional Attachments: A Combined ACT and Schema Therapy Approach

Grecucci, Alessandro; Messina, Irene; Dadomo, Harold

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02332

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In contrast, the concept of cognitive control is not consistent with the putative mechanism of action of ‘expressive’ psychotherapy approaches, which encourage individuals to experience their emotions, related thoughts and bodily sensations fully to put them in contact with their own internal experiences (instead of controlling emotions). These mechanisms also appear to apply to psychodynamic therapies ( Grecucci et al. , 2018 ; Messina et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, acceptance-based techniques have been proposed as a specific therapeutic factor in mindfulness-based interventions (where they play a prominent role, Kabat-Zinn, 2013 ), dialectical behaviour therapy ( Linehan, 1993 ), acceptance and commitment therapy ( Hayes et al. , 1999 ; Grecucci et al. , 2018 ), schema therapy ( Dadomo et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurobiological models of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy

Messina

Grecucci

Viviani

2021

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Emotional acceptance is an important emotion regulation strategy promoted by most psychotherapy approaches. We adopted the Activation Likelihood Estimation technique to obtain a quantitative summary of previous fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) studies of acceptance and test different hypotheses on its mechanisms of action. The main meta-analysis included 13 experiments contrasting acceptance to control conditions, yielding a total of 422 subjects and 170 foci of brain activity. Additionally, subgroups of studies with different control conditions (react naturally or focus on emotions) were identified and analysed separately. Our results showed executive areas to be affected by acceptance only in the subgroup of studies in which acceptance was compared to natural reactions. In contrast, a cluster of decreased brain activity located in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus was associated with acceptance regardless of the control condition. These findings suggest that high-level executive cortical processes are not a distinctive feature of acceptance, whereas functional deactivations in the PCC/precuneus constitute its specific neural substrate. The neuroimaging of emotional acceptance calls into question a key tenet of current neurobiological models of emotion regulation consisting in the necessary involvement of high-level executive processes to actively modify emotional states, suggesting a complementary role for limbic portions of the default system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological models of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy

Messina

Grecucci

Viviani

2021

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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“…Indeed, beside cognitive and behavioral interventions, Schema Therapy (ST) uses experiential techniques to target emotion dysregulation. Schema Therapy proposes that Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) and pathological Modes underlie and cause emotional dysregulation (Young et al, 2003;Kellogg and Young, 2006;Lobbestael and Arntz, 2010;Dadomo et al, 2016Dadomo et al, , 2018Grecucci et al, 2018). We understand emotion dysregulation by focusing on four different macro-categories of modes (Dadomo et al, 2016(Dadomo et al, , 2018.…”

Section: Cognitive-experiential Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dual Route Model for Regulating Emotions: Comparing Models, Techniques and Biological Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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The aim of this article is to present recent applications of emotion regulation theory and methods to the field of psychotherapy. The term Emotion Regulation refers to the neurocognitive mechanisms by which we regulate the onset, strength, and the eventual expression of our emotions. Deficits in the regulation of emotions have been linked to most, if not all, psychiatric disorders, with patients presenting either dysregulated emotions, or dysfunctional regulatory strategies. We discuss the implications of regulating emotions from two different theoretical perspectives: the Cognitive Emotion Regulation (CER), and the Experiential-Dynamic Emotion Regulation (EDER) model. Each proposes different views on how emotions are generated, dysregulated and regulated. These perspectives directly influence the way clinicians treat such problems. The CER model views emotional dysregulation as due to a deficit in regulation mechanisms that prioritizes modifying or developing cognitive skills, whilst the EDER model posits emotional dysregulation as due to the presence of dysregulatory mechanisms that prioritizes restoring natural regulatory processes. Examples of relevant techniques for each model are presented including a range of cognitive-behavioral, and experiential (including both dynamic and cognitive) techniques. The aim of the paper is to provide a toolbox from which clinician may gain different techniques to enhance and maintain their patient's capacity for emotional regulation. Finally, the biological mechanisms behind the two models of emotion regulation are discussed as well as a proposal of a dual route model of emotion regulation.

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“…Dynamic experiential treatments [ 21 , 65 , 66 , 81 , 82 , 98 , 99 , 100 ] differentiate primary emotions from dysregulated affect states (DAS). Primary emotions result from subcortical neuroperception of the surrounding environment—the experience of stimuli in the real world [ 12 , 56 , 65 , 66 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 81 , 82 , 101 ].…”

Section: Principles Of Experiential Dynamic Techniques For Regulatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety Regulation: From Affective Neuroscience to Clinical Practice

et al. 2020

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According to psychoanalysis, anxiety signals a threat whenever a forbidden feeling emerges. Anxiety triggers defenses and maladaptive behaviors, thus leading to clinical problems. For these reasons, anxiety regulation is a core aspect of psychodynamic-oriented treatments to help clients. In the present theoretical paper, we review and discuss anxiety generation and dysregulation, first from a neural point of view, presenting findings from neuroimaging and psychophysiological studies. The aim is to trace parallels with psychodynamic theories of anxiety. Then, we discuss the psychological mechanisms and neural bases of emotion regulation in the laboratory, and possible neurobiological mechanisms of anxiety regulation in psychotherapy. We describe two different approaches to emotion/anxiety regulation, one based on the standard cognitive model of emotion regulation, the other based on psychodynamic principles and affective neuroscience. We then illustrate in detail a dynamic experiential approach to regulation. This model claims that emotions arise before cognition and are not inherently dysregulated. Dysregulation emerges from co-occurrences of emotions and associated anxiety. Technical consequences of this model are discussed and include strategies to regulate anxiety.

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Decoupling Internalized Dysfunctional Attachments: A Combined ACT and Schema Therapy Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Neurobiological models of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy

Neurobiological models of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy

A Dual Route Model for Regulating Emotions: Comparing Models, Techniques and Biological Mechanisms

Anxiety Regulation: From Affective Neuroscience to Clinical Practice

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