Decoupled direct sensitivity analysis of regional ozone pollution over the Pearl River Delta during the PRIDE-PRD2004 campaign

Wang, Xuesong; Zhang, Yuanhang; Hu, Yongtao; Zhou, Wei; Zeng, Limin; Hu, Min; Cohan, Daniel S.; Russell, Armistead G.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.06.006

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this test (see Table 4), the monthly average of maximum 8 h average concentrations of O 3 in July would be decreased from 101 µg m −3 to 87 µg m −3 , and its non-attainment rate would be decreased from 20 % to 11.7 %. It shows a similar result to some previous studies focused on the PRD region (Shao et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011). But it is still a little worse than 2010, which might be resulted from a stronger control in NO x emission.…”

Section: Remaining Problemssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…According to these experiments, we proved that Guangzhou is in a VOC-limited region (Shao et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011) and the large increase in VOCs / NO x would lead to increase in ozone in the Guangzhou urban area. The ozone violation rate could have a decrease in 2025 only if the ratio of VOCs and NO x emission in the PRD region could be controlled to an appropriate range and appropriate absolute amount.…”

Section: Remaining Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025

et al. 2013

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Abstract.Improving the air quality in China is a long and arduous task. Although China has made very aggressive plans for air pollutant control, the difficulties in achieving the new air quality goals are still significant. A lot of cities are developing their implementation plan (CIP) for new air quality goals. In this study, a southern city, Guangzhou, has been selected to analyze the feasibility and difficulties of new air quality standard compliance, as well as the CIP evaluation. A comprehensive study of the air quality status in Guangzhou and the surrounding area was conducted using 22 monitoring sites collection data for O 3 , PM 2.5 and PM 10 . The monthly non-attainment rates for O 3 vary from 7 to 25 % for May to November. The city average PM 2.5 concentration was 53 µg m −3 in Guangzhou in 2010, which needs to be reduced by at least 34 % to achieve the target of 35 µg m −3 . The PM 2.5 high violation months are from November to March. A CIP was developed for Guangzhou, which focused on PM 2.5 . Based on the CIP, the emission amounts of NO x , PM 10 , PM 2.5 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 2025 would be controlled to 119, 61, 26 and 163 thousand tons, respectively, reduced by 51.9 %, 55.9 %, 61.8 % and 41.3 %, respectively, compared to 2010. Analysis of air quality using the model MM5-STEM suggests that the long-term control measures would achieve the PM 2.5 and PM 10 goals successfully by 2025. The PM 2.5 annual average concentration would be reduced to 27 µg m −3 in 2025. However, such PM 2.5 -based emission control scenarios may enhance the ozone pollution problems. The O 3 non-attainment rate would increase from 7.1 % in 2010 to 12.9 % in 2025, implying that ozone will likely become a major compliance issue with the new national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). This suggests that O 3 control must be taken into account while designing PM 2.5 control strategies, especially PM 2.5 compliance under increased atmospheric oxidation, and for VOCs / NO x reduction ratios need to be further investigated, in order to eventually achieve O 3 -PM 2.5 co-improvement in this region or other cities.

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Section: Remaining Problemssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Remaining Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025

et al. 2013

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“…We adopted a chemical and transport model, CMAQ‐HDDM (v4.7.1), to simulate air quality and the first‐order ozone (O 3 ) sensitivity to NO x and VOC emissions under various land cover scenarios (Cohan et al, ; Hakami et al, ). The HDDM approach is useful for calculating sensitivity coefficients, which were used to assess the influence of input parameter variations on the concentration of modeled pollutants (Cohan et al, ; Hakami et al, ; Kim et al, ; Wang et al, ). The first‐order sensitivity was defined as follows:

S_{j} = \frac{\partial C}{\partial ε_{j}}

where S j is the first‐order sensitivity for various species ( j ) and is expressed in the same unit as chemical concentration c .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Urbanization on Ozone and Resultant Health Effects in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

Yim

Wang

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

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The United Nations has reported that 55% of the global population resides in urban areas, and 68% of the population is expected to be urban dwellers by 2050. Urbanization has critical implications for global land cover. Relevant literature has provided evidence attributing climatic effects to urban expansion; however, few studies have investigated the effect on public health and pollutant sensitivity to emissions. This study aimed to characterize the effect of urbanization‐induced changes in regional climate on ozone (O3), to evaluate ozone sensitivity to nitrogen oxide (NOx) and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, and to estimate premature mortalities due to O3 exposure. We employed atmospheric models with the higher‐order decoupled direct method to simulate effects of urbanization on O3 and to determine O3 sensitivity to NOx and VOC emissions. China‐specific concentration response functions were utilized to estimate cardiovascular and respiratory mortalities due to ozone exposure. Urbanization increased O3, which translated to a 39.6% increase in O3‐induced premature mortality (1,100 deaths). Moreover, O3 has become less/more sensitive to unit changes in NOx and VOC emissions in various cities. Urban greening may reduce urban temperature, but it may increase O3 in some cities due to the additional VOC emissions of greening. These findings highlight the strong interactions between land use policies, urban climate adaptation strategies, and air quality policies, suggesting the need of cobeneficial strategies and policies. We proposed a precision environmental management concept that emphasizes the importance of considering the specific atmospheric condition and composition of a city when formulating its environmental policies.

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“…(Tang et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011;Napelenok et al, 2011Napelenok et al, , 2006 (Cohan et al, 2005). (Cohan et al, 2005).…”

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Ozone Simulations over the Seoul Metropolitan Area for a 2007 June Episode, Part V: Application of CMAQ-HDDM to Predict Ozone Response to Emission Change

Kim¹

2011

Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

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In this paper, we use the HDDM (High-order Decoupled Direct Method)-driven ozone sensitivity to predict change in ozone concentrations in response to domain-wide NO x (Oxides of Nitrogen) and VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) emission controls over the Seoul Metropolitan Area during June 11~19, 2007. In order to validate the applicability of HDDM to NO x and VOC control scenarios, the HDDM results are compared to Brute Force Method (BFM). For VOC controls, NME (Normalized Mean Error) between BFM and HDDM remains less than 2% until the domain-wide VOC emissions are reduced by 80%. The NME for a 40% reduction in the domain-wide NO x emissions is less than 5% but increases abruptly after further reductions in the NO x emissions (i.e., 80% reduction). The results indicates that it may be inaccurate to use ozone sensitivity coefficients estimated at a given base emission condition in predicting ozone after NO x reductions larger than ~50% of the domain total in the SMA. Therefore, HDDM application on piecewise emissions is desirable to predict ozone response to emission controls with accuracy (i.e., truck emissions rather than the domain total). For computational efficiency, HDDM shows approximately 30% faster than the BFM sensitivity approach.

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Decoupled direct sensitivity analysis of regional ozone pollution over the Pearl River Delta during the PRIDE-PRD2004 campaign

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025

Effect of Urbanization on Ozone and Resultant Health Effects in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

Ozone Simulations over the Seoul Metropolitan Area for a 2007 June Episode, Part V: Application of CMAQ-HDDM to Predict Ozone Response to Emission Change

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Decoupled direct sensitivity analysis of regional ozone pollution over the Pearl River Delta during the PRIDE-PRD2004 campaign

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and ozone from 2010 to 2025

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and ozone from 2010 to 2025

Effect of Urbanization on Ozone and Resultant Health Effects in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

Ozone Simulations over the Seoul Metropolitan Area for a 2007 June Episode, Part V: Application of CMAQ-HDDM to Predict Ozone Response to Emission Change

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Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025

Feasibility and difficulties of China's new air quality standard compliance: PRD case of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone from 2010 to 2025