Abstract. We address a possible relation between the expectation value of the Polyakov loop in pure gluodynamics and full QCD based on Polyakov Chiral Quark Models where constituent quarks and the Polyakov loop are coupled in a minimal way. To this end we use a center symmetry breaking Gaussian model for the Polyakov loop distribution which accurately reproduces gluodynamics data above the phase transition in terms of dimension 2 gluon condensate. The role played by the quantum and local nature of the Polyakov loop is emphasized. . 12.39.Fe , 11.10.Wx, 12.38.Lg The phase transition of QCD matter at finite temperature from hadrons to a quark-gluon plasma was established long ago [1,2,3] (for a review see e.g. [4]). The precise definition of the phase transition requires a proper identification of the relevant order parameters. In the heavy quark limit, the Polyakov loop vacuum expectation value signals the breaking of the center symmetry corresponding to the deconfinement phase transition when changing from zero to one [5]. In the limit of light quarks the chiral condensate determines the restoration of chiral symmetry when the chiral condensate vanishes above the critical temperature. In the real QCD case with dynamical massive quarks both chiral and center symmetries are explicitly broken, and neither the Polyakov loop nor the chiral condensate are truly order parameters, although a rather sharp crossover is expected across the phase transition for these quantities [4].
PACSPolyakov-Chiral Quark Models allow to study the interplay between chiral symmetry restoration and center symmetry breaking [6] in a quantitative manner [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. At zero temperature the constituent quark mass, M , is dynamically generated via the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry, inducing a exponentially small, ∼ e −M/T , breaking of the center symmetry at low temperatures [9,10,11]. This provides the rationale for keeping the Polyakov loop as an order parameter also in the unquenched case. However, although the coupling of the Polyakov loop to quarks is rather unique, details regarding the postulated purely gluonic action differ [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. This additional information is beyond the chiral quark model capabilities and must always be postulated. In this regard, it seems natural to constrain the gluonic action to reproduce pure gluodynamics results. In the present work we address a possible relation between the expectation value of the Polyakov loop in pure gluodynamics and full QCD based on the coupling to quarks generated by the fermion determinant within a Polyakov NJL model (PNJL).One of the problems one must also face when comparing models with lattice data has to do with the difficult but necessary renormalization of the Polyakov loop. Indeed, after renormalization the Polyakov loop falls outside the unitary group [14,15]. The spontaneous breaking of the center symmetry above some critical temperature occurs already at the level of pure gluodynamics and is interpreted as the signal of deconfinement [16]. Ful...