Decomposition of Relative Sea Level Variations at Tide Gauges Using Results From Four Estonian Precise Levelings and Uplift Models

Suursaar, Ülo; Kall, Tarmo

doi:10.1109/jstars.2018.2805833

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Determined by the 2400‐m aircraft flight level and configuration of the aero‐laser scanner (Leica ALS50‐II) used by ELB, the obtained average density of the LiDAR points was 0.45 p m −2 and the calculated precision of the height estimate was ±0.07–0.12 m. The maximum distance between dots was 2.6 m, but bilinear interpolation was used to substitute the missing altitudes where data point density was <2 p m −2 . In this study the elevation data in the BHS77 height system were used (with contemporary mean sea levels around its zero in Estonian tide gauges); transition to EVRS began in 2018 (where mean sea level around Estonian coasts spatially varies 18–25 cm above the Normaal Amsterdams Peil; Suursaar & Kall ). It should also be considered that the LiDAR‐based elevation data originated from AD 2015, while the (calibrated) BP‐scale has been defined relative to AD 1950 (see also Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Located on the edge of the former Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS), the postglacial rebound varies from 1 to 4 mm a −1 in Estonia (Vestøl et al . ; Suursaar & Kall ). Variation between sandy, morainic and rocky coast types (Orviku et al .…”

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confidence: 98%

“…; Rosentau et al . ), we utilized the recently obtained geocentric land uplift rates for Estonia (Suursaar & Kall ) and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modelling results (cf. Steffen & Wu ) to reconstruct Holocene‐time apparent sea level curves.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…1A). Located on the edge of the former Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS), the postglacial rebound varies from 1 to 4 mm a À1 in Estonia (Vestøl et al 2016;Suursaar & Kall 2018). Variation between sandy, morainic and rocky coast types (Orviku et al 2010) has ensured that movable sediment has been available almost everywhere, although never in overwhelming quantities.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Instead of using methods like optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating, which are common procedures for obtaining age estimates (e.g. Nielsen et al 2006;Rosentau et al 2013), we utilized the recently obtained geocentric land uplift rates for Estonia (Suursaar & Kall 2018) and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modelling results (cf. Steffen & Wu 2011) to reconstruct Holocene-time apparent sea level curves.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cyclicity in ridge patterns on the prograding coasts of Estonia

Suursaar

Kall

Steffen

et al. 2019

Boreas

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Recent LiDAR surveys have revealed that on postglacially uplifting coasts of Estonia rhythmic coastal landforms (beach ridge sequences and foredune plains) occur to a considerable extent. We studied four of them to reveal age and periodicity in these multiple ridge systems and discussed their genesis in the Subatlantic (semi‐continental) conditions of the Baltic Sea area. Using recent models of Fennoscandian uplift due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), we constructed Holocene apparent sea level curves for the study sites at Õngu, Mänspe, Haldi and Keibu; converted distance–height shore profiles into time series (including corrections on shore profile non‐linearity and variations in GIA‐eustasy balance); and analysed the patterns using spectral analysis. It was suggested that due to non‐tidal conditions, relatively low‐energy hydrodynamic forcing and small aeolian contribution, the ridges mark ancient shorelines. They are relatively modest in height (mostly 0.2–1 m), form regular and extensive (up to 150 ridges) patterns, and date back to ~9000 years before present. We studied <5‐ka‐old sections. The mean ridge spacing varied, depending also on coastal slope, between 21 and 39 m. Both simple counting and spectral analysis involved some specific limitations, yet the estimates for typical spacing were alike, at 32 (±5) years. The regular nature of the low‐ridge patterns originated from relative sea level lowering and gradual sediment accretion/erosion. However, the progradation was rather uplift‐ than accretion‐driven and the stepwise process in ridge formation was probably not autocyclic. It was governed or modulated by quasi‐periodic 25–40 year cyclicity in local wave forcing, relative sea level variations and wind conditions. Being most likely connected to the North Atlantic Oscillation, the quasi‐regular, decadal‐scale, similarly phased variations may magnify each other's effect on the westerly exposed coasts of Estonia. Additionally, some other (e.g. event‐driven) mechanisms may also be present.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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