Decomposition of nitrobenzene in wastewater using persulfate combined with Ag/PbO under ultrasonic irradiation

Ultrasound-Assisted Mineralization of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene in Industrial Wastewater Using Persulfate Coupled with Semiconductors

“…The denitration of nitrophenols happened explicitly on account of the phenol sensed [77]. Obviously, hydroquinone was thought to be a reactive intermediate of phenol, which would be successively transformed into p-benzoquinone via hydrogen abstraction based on our previous studies [35,36]. Ultimately, 2,4-dinitrotoluene was completely decomposed into carbon dioxide, nitrate ions (sensed at UV-Vis 313 nm), and water.…”

“…The 2,4-dinitrotoluene content in wastewater was detected at the wavelength of 254 nm using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Lambda 850, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) [30]. Especially, the difference in the removal efficiency 2,4-dinitrotoluen in the absence/presence of benzene served as an indirect sign to the yield of sulfate radicals [36]. Transparently, the benzene scavenging effect could be magnified with higher yields of sulfate radicals, leading to an intense difference in the 2,4-dinitrotoluene removal efficiency.…”

“…The sono-induced electrons of the semiconductors would convert persulfate anions into sulfate radicals. In fact, it has been applied successfully for the mineralization of aniline [35] and nitrobenzene [36], whereas the systematic investigation of semiconductor species commonly applied is scarce. Consequently, this research is devoted to making clear the relationships between heterogeneous semiconductors and ultrasonic irradiation via the mineralization of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in aqueous solution using persulfate integrated with a variety of semiconductors.…”