Decomposition of greenhouse gases by plasma

Indarto, Antonius; Choi, Ji‐Won; Lee, Hwaung; Song, Hyung Keun

doi:10.1007/s10311-008-0160-3

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Afterwards, the active oxygen species derived from the CO 2 dissociation reactions will extract hydrogen from the molecules of hydrocarbon gases via the oxidative dehydrogenation reactions (Eqs. [25][26][27][28][29][30]. Therefore, the addition of CO 2 considerably enhances the conversions of hydrocarbons in the feed.…”

Section: Ch 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /Co 2 Feed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another new discharge promptly forms again at the initial point, after the voltage in the gap reaches the breakdown value [18,19]. According to its simplicity in configuration, as mentioned above, several research groups have increasingly employed this plasma reactor type for pollution control [20][21][22][23][24], surface treatment [25][26][27] and fuel conversion [28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effect of Gas Components in Natural Gas

Rueangjitt

Akarawitoo

Sreethawong

et al. 2007

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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The objective of the present work was to study the reforming of simulated natural gas via the nonthermal plasma process with the focus on the production of hydrogen and higher hydrocarbons. The reforming of simulated natural gas was conducted in an alternating current (AC) gliding arc reactor under ambient conditions. The feed composition of the simulated natural gas contained a CH 4 :C 2 H 6 :C 3 H 8 :CO 2 molar ratio of 70:5:5:20. To investigate the effects of all gaseous hydrocarbons and CO 2 present in the natural gas, the plasma reactor was operated with different feed compositions: pure CH 4 , CH 4 /He, CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /He, CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /He and CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /CO 2 . The results showed that the addition of gas components to the feed strongly influenced the reaction performance and the plasma stability. In comparisons among all the studied feed systems, both hydrogen and C 2 hydrocarbon yields were found to depend on the feed gas composition in the following order: CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /CO 2 > CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /He > CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /He > CH 4 /He > CH 4 . The maximum yields of hydrogen and C 2 products of approximately 35% and 42%, respectively, were achieved in the CH 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /CO 2 feed system. In terms of energy consumption for producing hydrogen, the feed system of the CH 4 /C 2 H 6 / C 3 H 8 /CO 2 mixture required the lowest input energy, in the range of 3.58 · 10 À18 -4.14 · 10 À18 W s (22.35-25.82 eV) per molecule of produced hydrogen.

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Section: Ch 4 /C 2 H 6 /C 3 H 8 /Co 2 Feed Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effect of Gas Components in Natural Gas

Rueangjitt

Akarawitoo

Sreethawong

et al. 2007

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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“…In general, the gliding arc discharge was first designed and developed for use mostly in pollution control [3][4][5][6][7][8] and surface treatment [9][10][11]. In recent years, this plasma reactor type has received increasing interest in utilization for fuel conversion [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and in applications for carbon black production [19,20]. Some mathematical modeling studies were also investigated with an attempt to describe the physical characteristics and phenomena of the gliding arc discharge [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effects of Operational Parameters and Oxygen Addition in Feed

Rueangjitt

Sreethawong

Chavadej

2008

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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In this research, the reforming of simulated natural gas containing a high CO 2 content under AC non-thermal gliding arc discharge with partial oxidation was conducted at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, with specific regards to the concept of the direct utilization of natural gas. This work aimed at investigating the effects of applied voltage and input frequency, as well as the effect of adding oxygen on the reaction performance and discharge stability in the reforming of the simulated natural gas having a CH 4 :C 2 H 6 :C 3 H 8 :CO 2 molar ratio of 70:5:5:20. The results showed marked increases in both CH 4 conversion and product yield with increasing applied voltage and decreasing input frequency. The selectivities for H 2 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 4 H 10 , and CO were observed to be enhanced at a higher applied voltage and at a lower frequency, whereas the selectivity for C 2 H 2 showed an opposite trend. The use of oxygen was found to provide a great enhancement of the plasma reforming of the simulated natural gas. For the combined plasma and partial oxidation in the reforming of CO 2 -containing natural gas, air was found to be superior to pure oxygen in terms of reactant conversions, product selectivities, and specific energy consumption. The optimum conditions were found to be a hydrocarbons-tooxygen feed molar ratio of 2/1 using air as an oxygen source, an applied voltage of 17.5 kV, and a frequency of 300 Hz, in providing the highest CH 4 conversion and synthesis gas selectivity, as well as extremely low specific energy consumption. The energy consumption was as low as 2.73 9 10 -18 W s (17.02 eV) per molecule of converted reactant and 2.49 9 10 -18 W s (16.60 eV) per molecule of produced hydrogen.

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“…production because of low operation cost compared with other technologies such as chlorination, ozonation, electrochemical processes 7 and thermal plasma 8 without changing the product characteristics. The main chemical components that affect bacteria are reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), together called reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main chemical reactions of RONS generated by plasma treatment of water can be explained by Eqs. (1)- (8) Another low-temperature technique that has been used to inactivate bacteria is ultrasound. The advantage of ultrasound, besides the decrease in microbial load, is the increase in the water holding capacity of meat, preventing marinate and water losses in fresh meat 9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical-free and synergistic interaction of ultrasound combined with plasma-activated water (PAW) to enhance microbial inactivation in chicken meat and skin

Royintarat

Choi

Boonyawan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In general, the poultry industry uses 0.5-1 ppm chlorine solution in the meat sanitization process. However, chlorine can react with organic material and produce halogenated organic compounds, notably chloroform, which causes bladder and rectal cancer in humans. For this reason, many industries try to avoid chlorine. This study investigated the efficacy of ultrasound and plasma-activated water (pAW) on the inactivation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in chicken muscle, rough skin, and smooth skin. Samples inoculated with bacteria suspension were treated by ultrasound alone and PAW-ultrasound. The Taguchi method and desirability function approach were used for the experimental design and optimization. Combined ultrasound and PAW inactivated up to 1.33 log CFU/ ml of E. coli K12 and 0.83 log CFU/ml of S. aureus at a sample thickness of 4 mm, at 40 °C for 60 min, while pAW alone only reduced E. coli K12 by 0.46 log CFU/ml and S. aureus by 0.33 log CFU/ml under the same condition. The muscle topography showed a porous structure, which facilitated the penetration of PAW. The color measurements of muscle treated with ultrasound and PAW-ultrasound were dramatically different from the untreated sample, as also perceived by the sensory evaluation panel. Therefore, the synergistic interaction of combined PAW-ultrasound could be used to enhance microbial inactivation in meat. In the past, sanitization by the chilling process with circulation system in the poultry industry used ice and 0.5-1 ppm chlorine to decrease the temperature of chicken carcass and lower the bacterial load in the gizzard and intestine. However, this process can cause cross-contamination because of circulated poultry water in the chiller tank. Additionally, chlorine can react with organic materials and produce halogenated organic compounds, notably, chloroform, which causes bladder and rectal cancer in humans. Various technologies have since been developed to reduce the bacteria in chicken meat, such as bacteriophage (ListShield ™) combined with UV-C light reduced Listeria monocytogenes 2.04 log CFU/ml 1 , ultrasound combined with a chemical immersion (lactic acid, sodium decanoate, and trisodium phosphate) reduced 0.73 log CFU/ml of Campylobacter jejuni, 1.02 log CFU/ml of TVC, and 1.37 log CFU/ml of total Enterobacteriaceae 2 , electrolyzed water reduced 1.0 log CFU/ml of microbial reduction 3 , non-thermal plasma jet with N 2 /O 2 gas reduced 0.66 log CFU/g of Salmonella typhimurium 4 , cold atmospheric plasma pen with He/O 2 gas reduced 3 log CFU/ml of L. innocua on muscle 5 , and dielectric barrier discharge plasma reduced 3.11 log CFU/ml of C. jejuni on skin 6. The past decade has focused on an environmentally-clean sanitizing technology called non-thermal plasma, particularly plasma-activated water (PAW). PAW can be used as a bacterial disinfection reagent in mass

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Decomposition of greenhouse gases by plasma

Cited by 45 publications

References 67 publications

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effect of Gas Components in Natural Gas

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effect of Gas Components in Natural Gas

Reforming of CO2-Containing Natural Gas Using an AC Gliding Arc System: Effects of Operational Parameters and Oxygen Addition in Feed

Chemical-free and synergistic interaction of ultrasound combined with plasma-activated water (PAW) to enhance microbial inactivation in chicken meat and skin

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