Decomposition of Dissolved Carbohydrates Derived from Diatoms of Lake Yuno‐ko

Ogura, Norio; Gotoh, Tadashi

doi:10.1002/iroh.19740590106

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…A similar two-phase pattern was noted in the degradation of polysaccharides excreted by Staurastrum iversenii var. americanum (Pacobahyba, 2002), and for carbohydrates excreted by diatoms, Ogura and Gotoh (1974). Similarly, Cunha-Santino et al (2008) found kinetic rate constants (k D ) of the same order of magnitude as the values of k T obtained here, in experiments to measure the consumption of oxygen in the mineralisation of carbon photosynthesised by phytoplankton species from the same reservoir, including M. aeruginosa (k D = 0.209).…”

Section: Kinetics Of the Degradation Of Dom By The Bacterial Communitysupporting

confidence: 74%

Decomposition of dissolved organic matter released by an isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa and morphological profile of the associated bacterial community

2011

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This study concerns the kinetics of bacterial degradation of two fractions (molecular mass) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released by Microcystis aeruginosa. Barra Bonita Reservoir (SP, Brazil) conditions were simulated in the laboratory using the associated local bacterial community. The extent of degradation was quantified as the amount of organic carbon transferred from each DOM fraction (< 3 kDa and 3-30 kDa) to bacteria. The variation of bacteria morphotypes associated with the decomposition of each fraction was observed. To find the degradation rate constants (kT), the time profiles of the total, dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations were fitted to a first-order kinetic model. These rate constants were higher for the 3-30 kDa fraction than for the lighter fraction. Only in the latter fraction the formation of refractory dissolved organic carbon (DOCR) compounds could be detected and its rate of mass loss was low. The higher bacterial density was reached at 24 and 48 hours for small and higher fractions, respectively. In the first 48 hours of decomposition of both fractions, there was an early predominance of bacillus, succeeded by coccobacillus, vibrios and coccus, and from day 5 to 27, the bacterial density declined and there was greater evenness among the morphotypes. Both fractions of DOM were consumed rapidly, corroborating the hypothesis that DOM is readily available in the environment. This also suggests that the bacterial community in the inocula readily uses the labile part of the DOM, until this community is able to metabolise efficiently the remaining of DOM not degraded in the first moment. Given that M. aeruginosa blooms recur throughout the year in some eutrophic reservoirs, there is a constant supply of the same DOM which could maintain a consortium of bacterial morphotypes adapted to consuming this substrate.

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Section: Kinetics Of the Degradation Of Dom By The Bacterial Communitysupporting

confidence: 74%

Decomposition of dissolved organic matter released by an isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa and morphological profile of the associated bacterial community

2011

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“…The carbohydrates released by phytoplankton are an important food source for organotrophic bacteria (Williams and Yentsch, 1976). Work on the decomposition of carbohydrates in the past has shown that more than 60 % of carbohydrates produced may be decomposed within a short period of time (Ogura and Gotoh, 1974). The results of our study suggest that a high percentage of DCCH released during the phytoplankton bloom is labile; these become easily hydrolysed in the marine environment (Handa and Yanagi, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Dissolved Free and Combined Carbohydrates During a Phytoplankton Bloom in the Northern North Sea

Ittekkot¹,

Brockmann²,

Michaelis³

et al. 1981

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

172

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Variations in dissolved free and combined carbohydrates during a phytoplankton bloom in the northern North Sea were investigated. Large amounts of carbohydrates are released into seawater during the bloom; the major portion of this release occurs towards the end of the bloom. A considerable part of the released carbohydrates is in the combined form. Free dissolved carbohydrates are formed mainly by in situ hydrolysis of dissolved combined carbohydrates. Glucose and fructose dominate the free dissolved carbohydrate fraction. Glucose is formed biologically, and fructose biologically and abiotically from glucose. Glucose comprises more than 60 % of the combined carbohydrate fraction, followed by mannose, galactose and xylose. The production and release of dissolved carbohydrates in large amounts appear to be related to the availability of nutrients. The vertical distribution of dissolved carbohydrates is controlled by boundary layers in mid-water.

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“…Subsequently, the dissolved organic component is utilised, but after approximately 2 to 3 d the rate of utilisation declines as the dissolved organic carbon approaches the mean value of 1.95 mg 1-' found in the control seawater vessels (see also Table 2). In the case of Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros tricornutum incubation experiments, the rate of utilisation of DOC became negligible at values considerably above that of seawater, implying that some of the dissolved organic carbon released during decomposition from these sources may be relatively refractory, much as has been described for the dissolved carbohydrates found in both freshwater a n d marine systems by Ogura (1972Ogura ( , 1975 and Ogura and Gotoh (1974). It will also be noticed that the particulate carbon fraction in the incubation media showed a phase of increase after the initial adsorption loss, implying a release from the walls of the vessel during the first few days of incubation.…”

Section: Losses Of Carbon From Incubation Mediamentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Nevertheless much recent work suggests that the release of small quantities of dissolved substances from marine phytoplankton may be of regular occurrence in normal healthy cells Mague et al, 1980). Of this material, however, only a relatively small proportion may be labile and readily utilisable by microheterotrophic organisms whilst the remainder is refractory (Andrews and Williams, 1971;Yurkovsky, 1971;Ogura, 1972Ogura, , 1975Allen, 1973;Ogura and Gotoh, 1974;Wiebe and Smith, 1977;Larsson and Hagstrom, 1979). Such studies indicate that some 10-25 % of the total dissolved organic matter -but commonly as little as 0.1 % (Wiebe and Smith, 1977;Larsson and Hagstrom, 1979) -may comprise the labile fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of Degradation and Efficiency of Conversion of Phytoplankton Debris by Marine Micro-Organisms

Newell¹,

Lucas²,

Linley³

1981

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

130

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Detritus from the dinoflagellates Scrippsiella (= Peridinurn) trochoidea and Isochrysis galbana and from the diatoms Skeletonema costaturn, Thalassiosira angstii and Chaetoceros tricornuturn incubated at 10 "C in seawater is colonised by a succession of micro-organisms. Primary microbial decomposers in the incubation experiments were bacterial rods and cocci which reached a peak standing stock carbon of 1.86 f 0.76 % of the carbon supplied to the incubation media by the third day of incubation. The bacteria were subsequently replaced by flagellates which attained a mean peak biomass of 12.5 f 3.58 % of the bacterial biomass by Day 6 before declining. Synchronous measurement of the utilisation of dissolved and particulate components from the incubation media shows that there is a well-defined initial sequence of aggregation of particulate matter to form bacterioparticulate complexes, much as have been recorded for natural waters. During this phase, carbon is mainly utilised from the dissolved component of phytoplankton cell debris, whilst the more refractory components including particulate debris is used more slowly. The dissolved organic component comprises a mean of 34 24 % of the total carbon in the debris and has a 50 % utilisation time of only 1.56 d (37.44 h), whereas the particulate component comprises 65 76 % of the total carbon and has a 50 % utilisation time of as much as 11.56 d (277.4 h). Bacterial carbon conversion efficiency (bacterial carbon/detrital carbon used X 100) during the initial phases of colonisation is 9.8 Sb -a value similar to that recorded for bacterial conversion of dissolved components of macrophyte debris. The results suggest that the carbon conversion budget for the decomposition of phytoplankton cell debris is 100 g carbon yielding 4 -644 g of bacterial carbon. This value for incorporation of carbon into bacteria from phytoplankton cell debris is much lower than might be anticipated from the absorption efficiency of selected labile components released in small quantities by living phytoplankton. The carbon conversion budget for whole phytoplankton debris thus suggests that as much as 30.8 % of the carbon is mineralised and returned to the environment within 3 d by the bacteria which initially colonise the material, whereas the more refractory 64.4 %, comprising carbon in the particulate components of the cell debris, is mineralised within approximately 11 d by bacteria characteristically associated with the decomposition phase of a phytoplankton bloom.

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Decomposition of Dissolved Carbohydrates Derived from Diatoms of Lake Yuno‐ko

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Decomposition of dissolved organic matter released by an isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa and morphological profile of the associated bacterial community

Decomposition of dissolved organic matter released by an isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa and morphological profile of the associated bacterial community

Dissolved Free and Combined Carbohydrates During a Phytoplankton Bloom in the Northern North Sea

Rate of Degradation and Efficiency of Conversion of Phytoplankton Debris by Marine Micro-Organisms

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