Decomposition and nutrient release from logging residues after clear-cutting of mixed boreal forest

Palviainen, Marjo; Finér, Leena; Kurka, Anne-Marie; Mannerkoski, Hannu; Piirainen, Sirpa; Starr, Michael

doi:10.1023/b:plso.0000047718.34805.fb

Cited by 224 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The increases in NO 3 -N concentrations (maximum 190 lg l -1 for the 100 % clear-cut) were considerable smaller than those reported for temperate streams in high N deposition areas, where mean annual NO 3 -N concentrations have been shown to increase by 500-3800 lg l -1 after clear-cutting (Adamson et al 1987;Wiklander et al 1991;Reynolds et al 1995;Feller 2005;Gundersen et al 2006). The elevated PO 4 -P concentrations may be due to reduced nutrient uptake and mineralization from logging residues and dead ground vegetation (Palviainen et al 2004(Palviainen et al , 2007. Furthermore, elevated ground water levels and more superficial water flow paths after clear-cutting may also have promoted PO 4 -P solubility and transport to the stream Kreutzweiser et al 2008).…”

Section: Specific Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In most other studies, stream water chemistry has returned to pre-harvest levels within 5 years (Feller and Kimmins 1984;Reynolds et al 1995;Gundersen et al 2006), whereas nutrient export has remained elevated for a longer time (Rosén et al 1996;Ahtiainen and Huttunen 1999;Palviainen et al 2014), mostly because it takes up to 20 years until the runoff returns to the pre-cutting level (Idé et al 2013). There can be a time lag before stream water N concentrations start to rise, because N is immobilized in logging residues during the first years of decomposition (Palviainen et al 2004) and there is a delay in nitrification response (Vitousek et al 1979;Ring 2007). Generally in high deposition areas or in catchments with fertile soils, stream water N concentrations increase rather quickly, whereas in nutrient-poor catchments or low deposition areas such as in Finland and central and northern Sweden, the response can be delayed and small (Bredemeier et al 1998;Gundersen et al 2006;Ring 2007).…”

Section: Specific Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, increased soil temperatures following clear-cutting accelerate mineralization and nitrification in the soil (Paavolainen and Smolander 1998;Smolander et al 2001) and nutrients are released from decomposing logging residues (Palviainen et al 2004). Clear-cutting may also increase total or dissolved organic carbon (TOC, DOC) export (Lamontagne et al 2000;Schelker et al 2012Schelker et al , 2014, which have implications for catchment carbon budgets (Schelker et al 2012), the structure of aquatic food webs (Jansson et al 2000), the acid-base chemistry of surface waters (Buffam et al 2008), and the mobility, toxicity, and bioavailability of trace metals and organic pollutants (Porvari et al 2003;Bergknut et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A method to estimate the impact of clear-cutting on nutrient concentrations in boreal headwater streams

Palviainen

Finér

Laurén

et al. 2015

Ambio

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Large-scale forestry operations, like clearcutting, may impair surface water quality if not done with environmental considerations in mind. Catchment and country level estimates of nutrient loads from forestry are generally based on specific export values, i.e., changes in annual exports due to the implemented forestry operations expressed in kg ha -1 . We introduce here a specific concentration approach as a method to estimate the impact of clear-cutting on nutrient concentrations and export in headwater streams. This new method is potentially a more dynamic and flexible tool to estimate nutrient loads caused by forestry, because variation in annual runoff can be taken into account in load assessments. We combined water quality data from eight boreal headwater catchment pairs located in Finland and Sweden, where the effect of clear-cutting on stream water quality has been studied experimentally. Statistically significant specific concentration values could be produced for total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate. The significant increases in the concentrations of these nutrients occurred between 2 and 6 years after clearcutting. Significant specific concentration values could not be produced for total phosphorus and total organic carbon with the whole dataset, although in some single studies significant increases in their concentrations after clear-cutting were observed. The presented method enables taking into account variation in runoff, temporal dynamics of effects, and the proportional size of the treated area in load calculations. The number of existing studies considering large site-specific variation in responses to clear-cutting is small, and therefore further empirical studies are needed to improve predictive capabilities of the specific concentration values.

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Section: Specific Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Specific Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A method to estimate the impact of clear-cutting on nutrient concentrations in boreal headwater streams

Palviainen

Finér

Laurén

et al. 2015

Ambio

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“…The most important processes occurring in RF that can decrease the N export are vegetation uptake (Silvan et al 2005;Palviainen et al 2007), retention to soil and assimilation to soil microbes (Silvan et al 2003;Palviainen et al 2004) as well as gaseous N fluxes from soil to the atmosphere (Regina et al 1998;Silvan et al 2002;Maljanen et al 2003). Nitrogen export depends on the mobility of N fractions including ammonium (NH 4 ?…”

Section: Buffering Impacts From Clear Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, P can be released from logging residues, litter and other organic matter (Palviainen et al 2004), from mineral weathering (Stevenson and Cole 1999), and under reducing conditions from P storage bound to Fe and Al compounds (Jensen et al 1999). The transport of P through the RF decreases due to chemical sorption to soil, especially to Fe and Al compounds (Giesler et al 2002;Väänänen et al 2006), and due to uptake by understory vegetation and microbes (Silvan et al 2004).…”

Section: Buffering Impacts From Clear Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Gundersen

Laurén

Finér

et al. 2010

AMBIO

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Riparian forests (RF) growing along streams, rivers and lakes comprise more than 2% of the forest area in the Nordic countries (considering a 10 m wide zone from the water body). They have special ecological functions in the landscape. They receive water and nutrients from the upslope areas, are important habitats for biodiversity, have large soil carbon stores, but may emit more greenhouse gases (GHG) than the uplands. In this article, we present a review of the environmental services related to water protection, terrestrial biodiversity, carbon storage and greenhouse gas dynamics provided by RF in the Nordic countries. We discuss the benefits and trade-offs when leaving the RF as a buffer against the impacts from upland forest management, in particular the impacts of clear cutting. Forest buffers are effective in protecting water quality and aquatic life, and have positive effects on terrestrial biodiversity, particularly when broader than 40 m, whereas the effect on the greenhouse gas exchange is unclear.

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Lessons learned from a long‐term irrigation experiment in a dry Scots pine forest: Impacts on traits and functioning

Bose

Rigling

Geßler

et al. 2022

Ecological Monographs

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Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003-2018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation.The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from aboveground tree traits (e.g., tree-ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to belowground tree traits (e.g., fine-root biomass). The altered aboveground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem-level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did Arun K. Bose and Andreas Rigling contributed equally to this work.

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Decomposition and nutrient release from logging residues after clear-cutting of mixed boreal forest

Cited by 224 publications

References 57 publications

A method to estimate the impact of clear-cutting on nutrient concentrations in boreal headwater streams

A method to estimate the impact of clear-cutting on nutrient concentrations in boreal headwater streams

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Lessons learned from a long‐term irrigation experiment in a dry Scots pine forest: Impacts on traits and functioning

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