Decomposing Race and Ethnic Differences in CVD Risk Factors for Mid-life Women

Gaskin, Darrell J.; Zare, Hossein; Jackson, J.; Ibe, Chidinma A.; Slocum, Jamar

doi:10.1007/s40615-020-00769-9

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Most of the existing research on race, income, and AL to date has been among women. Our findings are consistent with those drawn from women in the United States, which indicate that income does not explain AL variation as well for Black Americans as it does for White Americans ( Gaskin et al, 2020 ; Hickson et al, 2012 ). Previous research comparing Black women and men suggests that biological dysregulation in the latter group is less tied to socioeconomic status ( Hickson et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Most of the existing research focuses specifically on women contrasting the income-AL link between different racial groups. This research suggests that income differences may explain most of the AL differences between White and Hispanic women, but does not account for as much variation between White and Black American women (Gaskin et al, 2020). The little work that includes men focuses on comparing the income-AL association among Black men and women (Hickson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These findings further align with the conservation of resources (COR) theory, which proposes that socioeconomic resources, such as income, are significantly linked with the availability of resources and the ability to gain and protect resources, which in turn are associated with well-being ( Hobfoll, 1989 , 2011 ). There is evidence documenting significant racial and ethnic disparities in AL ( Gaskin et al, 2020 ; Geronimus et al, 2006 ; Upchurch et al, 2015 ). These disparities are not fully explained by income differences across groups ( Gaskin et al, 2020 ; Geronimus et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence documenting significant racial and ethnic disparities in AL ( Gaskin et al, 2020 ; Geronimus et al, 2006 ; Upchurch et al, 2015 ). These disparities are not fully explained by income differences across groups ( Gaskin et al, 2020 ; Geronimus et al, 2006 ). Research suggests that, relative to White Americans, biological dysregulation among Black Americans is not as significantly patterned by income and other SES measures ( Hickson et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allostatic Load, Income, and Race Among Black and White Men in the United States

et al. 2022

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Research indicates that income is significantly associated with allostatic load (AL) and that this association may differ between White and Black Americans. Most existing income–AL link work focuses on women and less is known about this association among men. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined whether race moderates the association between income and AL among Black and White men in the United States ( n = 5,685). We find that, regardless of income levels, Black men have significantly higher prevalence of being in the high-AL group compared with high-income White men. Our findings suggest that Black men do not receive the same health benefits for increased income relative to their White counterparts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allostatic Load, Income, and Race Among Black and White Men in the United States

et al. 2022

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“…For our final objective, we explore sources of the racial/ethnic gaps in hypertension risk—between Black and White adults and Black and Latino adults—using Fairlie’s extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique for nonlinear models [ 60 ]. A common approach to assessing the contributing factors to racial/ethnic disparities in high blood pressure and other chronic diseases [ 61 , 62 ], decomposition methods construct a counterfactual reflecting how the Black-White gap in hypertension would change, for example, if Black adults had the same neighborhood and individual characteristics as White adults. To do so, we use estimates from group-specific logistic models and partition Black-White (and Black-Latino) differences into the part explained by observed characteristics and an unexplained part, which reflects group differences in unobserved characteristics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood social organization exposures and racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension risk in Los Angeles

Sharp

Carpiano²

2023

PLoS ONE

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Despite a growing evidence base documenting associations between neighborhood characteristics and the risk of developing high blood pressure, little work has established the role played by neighborhood social organization exposures in racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension risk. There is also ambiguity around prior estimates of neighborhood effects on hypertension prevalence, given the lack of attention paid to individuals’ exposures to both residential and nonresidential spaces. This study contributes to the neighborhoods and hypertension literature by using novel longitudinal data from the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey to construct exposure-weighted measures of neighborhood social organization characteristics—organizational participation and collective efficacy—and examine their associations with hypertension risk, as well as their relative contributions to racial/ethnic differences in hypertension. We also assess whether the hypertension effects of neighborhood social organization vary across our sample of Black, Latino, and White adults. Results from random effects logistic regression models indicate that adults living in neighborhoods where people are highly active in informal and formal organizations have a lower probability of being hypertensive. This protective effect of exposure to neighborhood organizational participation is also significantly stronger for Black adults than Latino and White adults, such that, at high levels of neighborhood organizational participation, the observed Black-White and Black-Latino hypertension differences are substantially reduced to nonsignificance. Nonlinear decomposition results also indicate that almost one-fifth of the Black-White hypertension gap can be explained by differential exposures to neighborhood social organization.

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Income Inequality, Gender Disparities, and Ethnic Differences: Investigating Allostatic Load in American Adults

Zare,

Gilmore,

Assari

et al. 2024

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Decomposing Race and Ethnic Differences in CVD Risk Factors for Mid-life Women

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Allostatic Load, Income, and Race Among Black and White Men in the United States

Allostatic Load, Income, and Race Among Black and White Men in the United States

Neighborhood social organization exposures and racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension risk in Los Angeles

Income Inequality, Gender Disparities, and Ethnic Differences: Investigating Allostatic Load in American Adults

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